WILHELM REICH
Biografía y bibliografía de
WILHELM REICH
A continuación puedes ver el trabajo documental realizado por Jovino Camargo sobre la vida y obra de Wilhelm Reich, que contiene documentos inéditos y una cronología precisa del desarrollo de su obra. Solo disponible en inglés.
ÍNDICE
PART 1
Reich’s Early Years (1897 – 1918)
1.1 Historical context (1897 – 1918)
PART 2
Reich, Freud, and the Libido (1918 – 1934)
2.1 Historical context (1918 – 1934)
2.2 Chronology of the Scientific Development of Wilhelm Reich (1923-1934)
2.3 German Selected early papers (1918 – 1934)
2.4 Wilhelm Reich Collected Works Microfilms (1918 – 1934)
2.5 Wilhelm Reich Museum Bookstore (1918 – 1934)
PART 3
Bio-electrical Experiments, Bios, and the discovery of Orgone Energy (1934 – 1939)
• Historical context (1934 – 1939)
• Chronology of the Scientific Development of Wilhelm Reich (1935-1939)
• German and English Selected papers and Books (1934 – 1939)
• Wilhelm Reich Collected Works Microfilms (1934 – 1939)
• Wilhelm Reich Museum Bookstore (1934 – 1939)
PART 4
Reich’s first years in America (1939 – 1947)
• Historical context (1939 – 1947)
• The Orgone Energy Accumulator (1940)
• Reich and Rangeley, Maine (1940)
• The Accumulators and Medical Orgone Therapy
• Arrested by the FBI (12 December 1941)
• Orgonon – A Permanent Home for Reich’s Work
• Chronology of the Scientific Development of Wilhelm Reich (1940-1947)
• German and English Selected papers and Books (1939 – 1947)
• Wilhelm Reich Collected Works Microfilms (1939 – 1947)
• International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research divided by areas and articles
• Wilhelm Reich Museum Bookstore (1939 – 1947)
PART 5
The Food and Drug Administration’s Campaign against Reich (1947 – 1957)
• Historical context (1947 – 1957)
• The Oranur Experiment
• Reich and the Cloudbuster
• The Injunction
• Wilhelm Reich’s Contact With Spaceby Robert Scott Martin
• Wilhelm Reich’s Contact with Space by Alison Davidson
• Chronology of the Scientific Development of Wilhelm Reich (1940-1947)
• English Selected papers and Books (1947 – 1957)
• Wilhelm Reich Collected Works Microfilms (1947 – 1957)
• Orgone Energy Bulletin divided by areas and articles
• CORE Bulletin divided by areas and articles
• Wilhelm Reich Museum Bookstore (1947 – 1957)
• A Court Case From: Wilhelm Reich Collected Works Microfilms(1954-1957)
• A Court Case divided by phases and topics
• 01 The background to Court Case (1940-1955)
• 02 A Court Case (1954-1957)
• Last Will & Testament of Wilhelm Reich
PART 6
News & Events posthumous Wilhelm Reich
• Published Posthumous Wilhelm Reich
• Autobiographical writingsPosthumous Wilhelm Reich
• Wilhelm Reich Orgonomic Functionalism Posthumous
• Wilhelm Reich Orgonomic Functionalism divided by articles
• Einstein experiments
• Books Posthumous Wilhelm Reich
• Bibliography about Wilhelm Reich
• Wilhelm Reich Museum Bookstore (Posthumous)
• Laboratory Manual for Bion Experiments
• Books about Reich
• Reich’s memoirs opened 50 years after his death (Nov ‘2007)
• Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine at Harvard University. The House of the Reich Archives
• Love, Work and Knowledge – The Life and Trials of Wilhelm Reich
• Further Reading. External links
PART 1
Reich’s Early Years (1897 – 1918)
1.1 Historical context (1897 – 1918)
— From: Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust
«I was born in a small village as the first son of not unprosperous parents.»
— From: Passion of Youth
Wilhelm Reich was born on March 24, 1897 in Galicia, in the easternmost part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, now Ukraine. He grew up in the Bukovina on a large farm operated by his father. His first language was German, and until 1938 he was an Austrian citizen.
According to The Bibliography of Orgonomy–prepared at Orgonon in 1953 under Reich’s supervision–his «interest in biology and natural science was stimulated early by the life on the farm, close to agriculture, cattle-farming, and breeding…Between his 8th and 12th years, he had his own collection and breeding laboratory of butterflies, insects and plants under the guidance of a private teacher. The natural life functions, including the sexual function, were familiar to him as far back as he could remember, and this may well have determined his strong later inclination as a bio-psychiatrist toward the biological foundation of the emotional life of man, as well as his biophysical discoveries in the fields of medicine, biology, and education.»
Until he was 13 years old, Reich was educated at home by tutors. His mother, to whom he was devoted, committed suicide in 1910 after his father discovered she had had a brief affair with one of the tutors. Reich’s father died four years later from tuberculosis, leaving seventeen-year old Reich to direct the farm work on his own without interrupting his studies at the German high school he was attending.
That same year, 1914, the first World War broke out. Soon Russian troops swept through the Bukovina. Reich narrowly escaped being sent to Russia as a hostage, and had to flee his home. Later he wrote, «I never saw either my homeland or my possessions again. Of a well-to-do past, nothing was left.» (Passion of Youth) He joined the Austrian Army in 1915, served as a lieutenant from 1916-1918, and was at the Italian front three times, experiencing what he called «the war as a machine.»
In 1918 the war finally ended. Germany and Austria were defeated, the Austro-Hungarian Empire was broken up, and the Bukovina became part of Romania. Alone, homeless and intellectually starved after four years of war, Reich entered the Medical School at the University of Vienna.
PART 2
Reich, Freud, and the Libido (1918 – 1934)
2.1 Historical context (1918 – 1934)
— From: Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust
«It is sexual energy which governs the structure of human feeling and thinking.»
— From: The Sexual Revolution
As a war veteran, Reich was permitted to complete the six-year course in four years, and he passed the 18 Rigorosa in 18 medical subjects and received «excellent» (ausgezeichnet) in all the pre-medical subjects. He graduated and received his M.D. degree in July 1922.
During his last years of medical school, Reich did post-graduate work in Internal Medicine at the University Clinics of Ortner and Chvostek at University Hospital, Vienna. He continued his postgraduate education in neuro-psychiatry for two years (1922-24) at the Neurological and Psychiatric University Clinic under Professor Wagner-Jauregg (who would win the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1927). Reich also worked for one year in the disturbed wards under Paul Schilder. Additional postgraduate studies included attendance at polyclinic work in hypnosis and suggestive therapy at the same University Clinic and special courses and lectures in biology at the University of Vienna.
Most significantly, however, while still in medical school Reich attained membership in the Vienna Psychoanalytic Association in October 1920. As an undergraduate, his recognition of the importance of sexuality had drawn him to the work of Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis was a new discipline which had emerged from Freud’s startling insights into the causes of mental illness. Reich soon became one of the most active younger members of Freud’s inner circle, and was considered one of Freud’s most promising students.
Reich began his private psychoanalytic and psychiatric practice in 1922. He was the First Clinical Assistant at Freud’s Psychoanalytic Polyclinic in Vienna (under the directorship of Dr. Edward Hitschmann) from its establishment in 1922 to 1928; Vice Director of the Polyclinic, 1928-1930; and Director of the Seminar for Psychoanalytic Therapy at the same institution. As a member of the faculty of the Psychoanalytic Institute in Vienna (1924-1930), he gave lectures on clinical subjects and bio-psychiatric theory. He conducted research on the social causation of the neurosis at the Polyclinic from 1924, and at mental hygiene consultation centers in various districts in Vienna (Sozialistiche Gesellschaft feur Sexualberatung und Sexualforschung), centers which he founded and led from 1928 to 1930. Reich’s extensive clinical work and research ultimately led to conflicts with Freud.
Freud had discovered that neuroses are caused by the conflict between natural sexual instincts and the social denial and frustration of those instincts. Freud had also hypothesized the existence of a biological sexual energy in the body. He called it «libido,» and described it as «something which is capable of increase, decrease, displacement and discharge, and which extends itself over the memory traces of an idea like an electric charge over the surface of the body.»
But as the years passed, Freud and his followers diluted much of this concept, reducing the libido to little more than a psychological energy or idea. By 1925, Freud had concluded that «the libido theory may therefore for the present be pursued only by the path of speculation.»
Reich’s clinical work convinced him otherwise. He devoted himself to matters of technique in an attempt to overcome the limitations of psychoanalysis in treating neuroses. And in doing so he observed that sexual energy is more than just an idea, and that sexual gratification, in fact, alleviated neurotic symptoms. He discovered that the function of the orgasm is to maintain an energy equilibrium by discharging excess biological energy that builds up naturally in the body. If that discharge function is disturbed–as it proved to be in all of his patients–this energy continues to build up without adequate release, stagnating and fueling neurotic disorders. Reich also discovered that in psychic disturbances, this biological energy is bound up not only in symptoms, but more importantly, in the individual’s characterological and muscular rigidities–what he called «armor.»
Reich’s orgasm theory set him apart from his colleagues, because it indicated that the libido was a real physical energy that possibly might be measured quantitatively. Reich’s clinical work also led him to develop new therapeutic techniques to eliminate the patient’s character and muscular armor and allow for the flow and discharge of this bio-energy to achieve what he called «orgastic potency,» the capacity for total discharge of sexual excitation in the genital embrace.
But the widespread existence of sexual misery forced Reich to conclude that the solution to the problem of neuroses wasn’t treatment, it was prevention. «You have to revamp your whole way of thinking,» Reich said, «so that you don’t think from the standpoint of the state and the culture, but from the standpoint of what people need and what they suffer from. Then you arrange your social institutions accordingly.» (Reich Speaks of Freud)
Freud, on the other hand, maintained that culture takes precedence, that sexual instincts must be adapted to the existing social structure. These conflicting positions would lead to an eventual break between Reich and Freud.
Reich also devoted much of his time and money educating working class people about the essential role of sexuality in their lives. «I had six clinics in Vienna where people came and received advice once or twice a week…To provide medical and educational help was its purpose.» (Reich Speaks of Freud) To reach the greatest number of people, he worked within the Socialist and Communist parties in Vienna, and later in Berlin, to promote sex education, birth control, divorce rights, and better housing. Reich recalled that in Berlin there were about fifty thousand people in his organization in the first year.
Reich was also very outspoken about Germany’s turbulent political climate. Unlike most members of the Berlin Psychoanalytic Association, Reich openly opposed the rise of the Nazi Party. But Reich’s activities exacted a high price. In 1933 he was denounced by the Communist Party, forced to flee from Germany when Hitler came to power, and expelled from the International Psychoanalytic Association in 1934. Reich called these events «catastrophes which threatened my personal, professional and social existence.»
2.2 Chronology of the Scientific Development of Wilhelm Reich (1923-1934)
— From: Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust– Chronology
1923-1934 Orgasm theory and technique of Character Analysis
1928-1934 Respiratory block and muscular armor
1923-1934 Sex-economic self-regulation of primary natural drives in their distinction from secondary, perverted drives
1930-1934 The role of irrationalism and human sex-economy in the origin of dictatorship of all political denomination
1934 The orgasm reflex
2.3 German Selected early papers (1918 – 1934)
— From wikipedia.org
Reich, Wilhelm. «Über einen Fall von Durchbruch der Inzestschranke» («About a Case of Breaching the Incest Taboo»), Zeitschrift für Sexualwissenschaft, VII, 1920
Reich, Wilhelm. «Über einen Fall von Durchbruch der Inzestschranke,» Zeitschrift für Sexualwissenschaft, VII. (1920).
Reich, Wilhelm. «Triebbegriffe von Forel bis Jung» («Forel’s Argument Against Jung»), «Der Koitus und die Geschlechter» («Sexual Intercourse and Gender»), Zeitschrift für Sexualwissenschaft, 1921
Reich, Wilhelm. «Über Spezifitaet der Onanieformen» («Concerning Specific Forms of Masturbation»), Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse, VIII, 1922
Reich, Wilhelm. «Zur Triebenergetik» («The Drive for Power»), Zeitschrift für Sexualwissenschaft, 1923
Reich, Wilhelm. «Kindliche Tagtraeume einer spaeteren Zwangsneurose» («Childhood Daydreams of a Later Neurosis»), Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse, 1923
Reich, Wilhelm. «Über Genitalitaet» («About Genitality»), Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse, IX, 1923
Reich, Wilhelm. «Die Rolle der Genitalitaet in der Neurosentherapie» («The Role of Genitality in the Treatment of Neurosis»), Zeitschrif für Aerztliche Psychotherapie (Journal for Medical Psychotherapy), IX, 1923
Reich, Wilhelm. «Der Tic als Onanieequivalent» («The Tic as a Masturbation Equivalent»), Zeitschrift für Sexualwissenschaft, 1924
Reich, Wilhelm. «Die therapeutische Bedeutung der Genitallibido» («The Therapeutic Importance of Genital Libido»), and «Über Genitalität vom Standpunkt der psa. Prognose und Libidotheorie.» («On Genitality From the Standpoint of PENSA. Prognosis and Libido Theory») Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse, X, 1924
Reich, Wilhelm. «Eine hysterische Psychose in statu nascendi» («Hysterical Psychosis in Statu Nascendi»), Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse, XI, 1925
Reich, Wilhelm. Der triebhafte Charakter: Eine psychoanalytische Studie zur Pathologie des Ich, Wien: Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag, 1925
Reich, Wilhelm. Die Funktion des Orgasmus: Zur Psychopathologie und zur Soziologie des Geschlechtslebens, Wien: Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag, 1927
Reich, Wilhelm. Sexualerregung und Sexualbefriedigung, Münster Verlag, 1929
Reich, Wilhelm. Geschlechtsreife, Enthaltsamkeit, Ehemoral: Eine Kritik der bürgerlichen Sexualreform, 1930
Reich, Wilhelm. Der Sexuelle Kampf der Jugend, Sexpol Verlag, 1932 (pamphlet)
Reich, Wilhelm. Der Einbruch der Sexualmoral: Zur Geschichte der sexuellen Ökonomie, Kopenhagen: Verlag für Sexualpolitik, 1932, 2nd edition 1935
Reich, Wilhelm. Charakteranalyse: Technik und Grundlagen für studierende und praktizierende Analytiker, Berlin, 1933
Reich, Wilhelm. Massenpsychologie des Faschismus, 1933
Reich, Wilhelm. «Dialektischer Materialismus und Psychoanalyse», Kopenhagen: Verlag für Sexualpolitik, 1934 (pamphlet)
Reich, Wilhelm. Was ist Klassenbewußtsein?: Über die Neuformierung der Arbeiterbewegung, 1934
Reich, Wilhelm. The Bioelectrical Investigation of Sexuality and Anxiety, 1982
Reich, Wilhelm. Menschen im Staat, 1937
Reich, Wilhelm. Die Bione: Zur Entstehung des vegetativen Lebens, Sexpol Verlag, 1938
The Bion Experiments: On the Origin of Life, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1979 (Die Bione: Zur Entstehung des vegetativen Lebens)
Journals
(ed.) Zeitschrift für Politische Psychologie und Sexualökonomie (Journal for Political Psychology and Sex-Economy), using pseudonym Ernst Parell, 1934–1938
(ed.) Klinische und Experimentelle Berichte (Clinical and Experimental Report), c. 1937–1939
2.4 Wilhelm Reich Collected Works Microfilms (1918 – 1934)
Bibliographic material present in the microfilms (Wilhelm Reich Collected Works Microfilms) in PDF form, made available by Eva Reich.
McF 701 Zeitschrift für Sexualwissenschaft, Band 7, 1920-1921
McF 601 International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, Volume 2, 1921
McF 709 Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse Band 7, 1921
McF 702 Zeitschrift für Sexualwissenschaft, Band 8, 1921-1922
McF 710 Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse Band 6, 1922
McF 703 Zeitschrift für Sexualwissenschaft, Band 9, 1922-1923
McF 602 International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, Volume 4, 1923
McF 704 Zeitschrift für Sexualwissenschaft, Band 10, 1923-1924
McF 603 International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, Volume 5, 1924
McF 705 Zeitschrift für Sexualwissenschaft, Band 10, 1923-1924
McF 711 Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse, Band 10, 1924
McF 604 International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, Volume 6, 1925
McF 101 Der Triebhafte Charakter, Eine Psychoanalytische Studie zur Pathologie desich, 1925
McF 712 Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse, Band 11, 1925
McF 605 International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, Volume 7, 1926
McF 606 Index to Volumes 1-10 of International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, p. 94-95
McF 713 Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse, Band 12, 1926
McF 706 Zeitschrift für Sexualwissenschaft, Band 13, 1926-1927
McF 611 Internationale Zeitsmmift fur Psychoanalyse, Band XIII, Heft 2, 1927
McF 612 Zeitschrift fur Psychoanalytische Padagogik, Band I, Heft 789, 1927
McF 707 Zeitschrift für Sexualwissenschaft, 1927
McF 103 Die Funktion des Orgasmus, 1927
McF 714 Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse, Band 13, 1927
McF 613 Zeitschrift fur Psychoanalytische Padagogik, Band II, Heft 456, 1928
McF 614 Almanach, 1928
McF 715 Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse, Band 14, 1928
McF 615 Die Psychoanalytische Bewegung, Band I, Heft 2, 1929
McF 616 Die Psychoanalytische Bewegung, Band I, Heft 4, 1929
McF 716 Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse, Band 15, 1929
McF 607 International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, Volume 11, 1930
McF 102 Geschlechtsreife, Enthaltsamkeit, Ehemoral, 1930
McF 717 Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse, Band 16, 1930
McF 708 Zeitschrift für Sexualwissenschaft, 1931
McF 608 International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, Volume 12, 1931
McF 718 Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse, volume 17, 1931
McF 609 International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, Volume 13, 1932
McF 617 Der Sexuelle Kampf der Jugend, 1932
McF 719 Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse, Band 18, 1932
McF 610 International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, Volume 14, 1933
McF 104 Charaktaranalyse, 1933
McF 105 Massenpsychologie des Faschismus, 1933
2.5 Wilhelm Reich Museum Bookstore (1918 – 1934)
Books by Wilhelm Reich
Die Entdeckung des Orgons (German Manuscripts)
DIE ENTDECKUNG DES ORGONS, Erster Teil DIE FUNKTION DES ORGASMUS
Reich, Wilhelm. Die Funktion des Orgasmus: Zur Psychopathologie und zur Soziologie des Geschlechtslebens, Wien: Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag, 1927
McF 103 Die Funktion des Orgasmus, 1927
The Function of the Orgasm
Ibsen’s Peer Gynt(German Manuscripts)
IBSEN’S PEER GYNT: Libidokonflikte und Wahngebilde
Ibsen’s «Peer Gynt»
Early Writings– Volume One includes «Libidinal Conflicts and Delusions in Ibsen’s Peer Gynt» (1920).
PART 3
Bio-Electrical Experiments, Bions and the Discovery of Orgone Energy: 1934 – 1939
3.1 Historical Context (1934 – 1939)
— From: Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust
«The discovery of orgone energy was made through consistent, thorough study of energy functions, first in the realm of the psyche, and later in the realm of biological functioning.»
— From: Ether, God and Devil
Reich traveled to Scandinavia where, despite incessant bureaucratic interferences, he managed to continue his research. In Oslo, while continuing to teach and develop his therapeutic techniques, Reich undertook a series of laboratory experiments to verify the existence of a physical biological energy expressed in the emotions.
Using human subjects, Reich was able to demonstrate a charge at the skin’s surface directly related to feelings of pleasure and anxiety. This charge would increase when a subject felt pleasure, and decrease during feelings of unpleasure. From this, Reich concluded that pleasure is the movement of biological energy toward the periphery of the organism, while anxiety is the movement of this energy toward the center. Reich initially assumed that biological excitation of living matter might be electrical, but the results of these experiments indicated otherwise. For example, the biological energy that Reich measured moved in a slow, wave-length fashion, in contrast to electromagnetic energy which moves much faster. Reich wondered if similar energy processes existed in more basic life forms.
This led Reich to conduct laboratory experiments in which he used time-lapse motion picture equipment affixed to microscopes with over 3000x magnification to record the development of protozoa. During these experiments Reich discovered that under certain conditions, sterilized and unsterilized substances–grass, blood, sand, charcoal and foodstuffs–disintegrate into pulsating vesicles that often exhibit a bluish color. Reich observed internal motility in these vesicles, an effect of energy. He called these vesicles «bions,» after the Greek word for «life.»
Reich’s research also revealed that certain bions exhibited a strong radiation phenomena, and that these bions could kill bacteria and cancer cells. This radiation confirmed the existence of an energy that did not obey any known laws of electricity or magnetism. Reich called this energy «orgone,» because its discovery had evolved from his investigation of the orgasm function, and because this energy could charge organic materials. When Reich published his findings, the scientific and psychiatric communities responded with a vicious year-long attack in the Norwegian press.
In the wake of this attack, and the inevitability of a second world war, Reich began to look to America as the future home for his work. Theodore Wolfe, M.D.–a representative of American psychosomatic medicine who had come to Oslo to study with Reich–was instrumental in arranging for Reich’s emigration. When Reich was invited to teach at the New School for Social Research in New York City, the U.S. State Department finally issued him a visa in the summer of 1939. On August 19, Reich sailed for America on the last ship to leave Norway before World War II broke out.
3.2 Chronology of the Scientific Development of Wilhelm Reich (1934 – 1939)
— From: Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust– Chronology
1935-1936 The bio-electrical nature of sexuality and anxiety
1936-1939 Orgone energy vesicles (bions)
1936-1939 Origin of the cancer cell from bionously disintegrated animal tissue, and the organization of protozoa from bionously disintegrated moss and grass
1937 T-bacilli in sarcoma
1939 Discovery of the bio-energy (Orgone Energy) in sand packet (SAPA) bions
3.3 German and English selected Papers and Books (1934 – 1939)
— From wikipedia.org
Reich, Wilhelm. Psychischer Kontakt und vegetative Strömung, 1935
Reich, Wilhelm. Die Sexualität im Kulturkampf: Zur sozialistischen Umstrukturierung des Menschen, 1936
Reich, Wilhelm. Experimentelle Ergebniße Über Die Elektrische Funktion von Sexualität und Angst, 1937
Reich, Wilhelm. The Bioelectrical Investigation of Sexuality and Anxiety, 1982
Reich, Wilhelm. Menschen im Staat, 1937
Reich, Wilhelm. Die Bione: Zur Entstehung des vegetativen Lebens, Sexpol Verlag, 1938
The Bion Experiments: On the Origin of Life, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1979 (Die Bione: Zur Entstehung des vegetativen Lebens)
Journals
(ed.) Zeitschrift für Politische Psychologie und Sexualökonomie (Journal for Political Psychology and Sex-Economy), using pseudonym Ernst Parell, 1934–1938
(ed.) Klinische und Experimentelle Berichte (Clinical and Experimental Report), c. 1937–1939
3.4 Wilhelm Reich Collected Works Microfilms (1934 – 1939)
Bibliographic material present in the microfilms (Wilhelm Reich Collected Works Microfilms) in PDF form, made available by Eva Reich.
McF 618 Zettschrift fur Politische Psychologie und Sexualokonomie, Band 1, Heft 3-4 1934
McF 109 Dialektischer Materialismus und Pychoanalyse, 1934
McF 111 Zeitschrift für Politische Psychologie und Sexualokonomie, Band 1, Heft l, 1934
McF 112 Zeitschrift fur Politische Psychologie und Sexualokonomie Band 1, Heft 2, 1934
McF 625 Sex-Pol Politisch-Psychologische Schriftenreihe no.1, 1934
McF 620 Zettschrift fur Politische Psychologie und Sexualokonomie, Band 2, Heft 2(6), 1935
McF 621 Zettschrift fur Politische Psychologie und Sexualokonomie, Band 2, Heft 3(7), 1935
McF 107 Der Einbruch Der Sexualmoral. (2nd ed.), 1935
McF 626 Sex-Pol Politisch-Psychologische Schriftenreihe no. 3a, 1935
McF 108 Psychischer Kontakt und Vegetative Strömung, 1935
McF 110 Religion, Kirche, Religionsstreit in Deutschland, 1935
McF 622 Zettschrift fur Politische Psychologie und Sexualokonomie, Band 3, Heft 1-2 (8-9), 1936
McF 623 Diagramms
McF 106 Die Sexualitat im Kulturkampf, 1936
McF 627 Sex-Pol Klinische und experimentelle Berichte no. 4, 1937
McF 628 Sex-Pol Klinische und Experimentelle Berichte no. 5, 1937
McF 624 Zettschrift fur Politische Psychologie und Sexualokonomie, Band 5, Heft 1(15) 1938
McF 201 Die Bione, 1938
McF 202 The Bions, on the Gernesis of vegetative life. Die Bione (English translation)
3.5 Wilhelm Reich Museum Bookstore (1934 – 1939)
Books by Wilhelm Reich
The Bioelectrical Investigation of Sexuality and Anxiety
Original Publication: Sexpol Verlag – 1937
Re-published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux – 1982
«My experimental studies during the years 1934 to 1938 gradually and logically centered on a single basic problem: how deeply is the function of the orgasm rooted in biology? This book is composed of three studies from that period. They follow one another in a logical sequence which reflects the various stages of progress made in the development of orgone biophysics, a process which began in 1934 when I achieved a breakthrough into the biological foundation of psychoneuroses.»
Wilhelm Reich, M.D.
(from the Foreword – 1945)
The Bioelectrical Investigation of Sexuality and Anxiety is composed of three essential contributions from this period: «The Orgasm as an Electrophysiological Discharge,» «Sexuality and Anxiety,» and «The Bioelectrical Function of Sexuality and Anxiety.» Reich’s detailed report on the physiological experiments undertaken in Norway in 1935-36 in which he sought proof for his orgasm theory. They were compiled by Reich in 1945 and are presented here for the first time with his notes and corrections.
The Bioelectrical Investigation of Sexuality and Anxiety «can with good reason be understood as a logical continuation of Character Analysis,» Reich wrote in the Foreword. «It is the character analysis of the areas of biological functioning.» Today, when emotions are viewed as psychological–that is, non-physical–phenomena, Reich’s clinical and experimental investigation of human sexuality gives revolutionary insight into the basically physical nature of emotional life.»
The Bion Experiments
On the Origin of Life
Original Publication: Sexpol Verlag – 1938
Re-published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux – 1979
«It is with some trepidation that I make known these experimental findings on the origin of vegetative life. It is not that I am worried about the correctness or accuracy of the data given, even though here or there an insignificant error or an awkward phrase may have crept in. All the findings described in this comprehensive, but not definitive, report were confirmed hundreds of times. I have omitted any observations that were not verified and I have gone to great lengths to describe the method as precisely as possible, so that it can be tested by others.»
Wilhelm Reich, M.D.
(from Preface)
The Bion Experiments on the Origin of Life–first published as Die Bione in 1938 in a limited German edition–represents a cornerstone in Reich’s scientific development. This work documents a series of experiments conducted in Oslo in 1936-37 in which Reich applied the formula of tension→ charge→discharge→ relaxation, derived from his research on the function of the orgasm, to the microscopic biological world, thereby opening a route to the understanding of the origin of life. This work is divided into two parts: the first, a detailed report on the experiments; the second, Reich’s conclusions and an exposition of his research method.
The Bion Experiments provides a unique insight into Reich’s scientific method, and makes available the experimental material essential to understanding his later work with cancer and orgone biophysics.
Die Bione (German Manuscripts)
The Bion Experiments
PART 4
Reich’s First years in America (1939 – 1947)
4.1 Historical Context (1939 – 1947)
— From: Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust
«There was no doubt of the existence of an energy possessing extraordinarily high biological activity. It remained only to discover what its nature was and how it could be measured.»
— from The Cancer Biopathy
Reich settled in the Forest Hills section of New York City; taught courses at the New School for Social Research in Manhattan («Character Formation: Biological and Sociological Aspects» and «Clinical Problems in Psychosomatic Medicine»); began publishing his books in English; trained American physicians in his therapeutic techniques; and pursued his investigations of orgone energy. This research included:
- treating cancer mice with bion injections
- developing a cancer serum from bion cultures
- finding a way to isolate and collect orgone energy from bions in order to study its functions and make it more usable
And since orgone radiation from the bions seemed to permeate all substances, Reich was constantly confronting questions about the origins of this energy. Where did orgone energy come from?
4.2 The Orgone Energy Acumulator (1940)
— From: Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust
To isolate and collect orgone from bion cultures, Reich relied on the results of several laboratory experiments. These experiments demonstrated that organic or non-metallic materials–such as cotton, wool or plastic–attract, absorb, and hold the energy. Metallic materials –like steel and iron–attract the energy and quickly reflect it in both directions. On the basis of these findings, Reich constructed small boxes with alternating layers of organic and metallic materials, with the inner walls lined with metal. By looking through a specially designed lens inserted into a wall of each box, one could observe orgone radiation from the bions within the enclosure. These «orgone energy accumulators» also revealed an unexpected phenomenon: the appearance of orgone radiation inside the enclosure even without the presence of bion cultures.
Reich now faced the daunting possibility of having discovered a biological energy that seemed to be everywhere, while still pondering the perplexing question of where orgone energy originated. In Maine, he would soon find the answers.
4.3 Reich and Rangeley, Maine (1940)
— From: Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust
In the summer of 1940, during a camping trip to New England, Reich discovered the beautiful Rangeley Lakes region. While staying in a small cabin on Mooselookmeguntic Lake (the largest of the Rangeley Lakes), Reich’s observations of the night skies verified the existence of orgone energy in the atmosphere. This discovery of atmospheric orgone was a major thrust forward in Reich’s research. And with its low humidity and clean air, Reich realized that the Rangeley region provided an ideal environment for this work. (In contrast, since water and high humidity absorb and hold orgone energy, the summer weather in New York City made it difficult to carry out his experimentation.) Later that year, Reich purchased a cabin on Mooselookmeguntic Lake where he returned in the summers to continue his experiments.
4.4 The Accumulators and Medical Orgone Therapy (1940)
— From: Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust
Meanwhile, back in New York, the accumulator quickly became an increasingly vital tool for Reich’s research. The accumulator’s organic layers attracted the atmospheric energy which was directed inward by the metal layers. Any energy reflected outward by the metal layers was immediately re-absorbed by the organic material, attracted back to the metal, and directed toward the inside of the box. The result was a higher concentration of orgone energy inside the box. The more layers, the stronger the concentration.
This accumulation of energy can be verified in a number of ways. For example, a constant temperature difference exists between the air above the box and the surrounding air, contradicting the Second Law of Thermodynamics. There also exists a slower electroscopic discharge rate in the higher orgone concentration inside the accumulator than is demonstrated by an electroscope outside the box.
The accumulator now allowed Reich to test the effects of orgone radiation on cancer mice without resorting to bion injections, by simply placing the mice inside the metal-lined enclosure. Because his results with cancer mice were so promising, Reich decided to test the effects of orgone radiation on humans. He constructed accumulators large enough for a person to sit in, and in 1941 began experimental treatments with cancer patients.
They were all terminal cases. Reich promised no cure nor charged any money, as shown by the affidavit that his patients and/or their family members were required to sign:
«I state herewith that I came to see Dr. Wilhelm Reich for possibly helping the case of my _____ who suffers from cancer. I came because I was told of the experiments that Dr. Reich has made with cancer mice and human beings. Dr. Reich did not promise me any cure, did not charge any money, and told me that only during the last few months has he tried the orgone radiation on human begins who suffer from cancer. Death or abscesses could occur as a consequence of the disease. I told Dr. Reich that the physicians have given up the case of my _____ as hopeless. Should death or abscesses occur during the time of the experiment, it will not be because of the treatment.» (The Cancer Biopathy)
Over a period of time, the patients showed marked improvement: relief of pain, healthier blood condition, weight gain, and the shrinkage and elimination of tumors. Despite these positive results, the patients died, reinforcing Reich’s conviction that cancer is a bio-energetic shrinking following emotional resignation, and that the tumors themselves are not the disease, but merely a local manifestation of a deeper systemic disorder. Once again, Reich’s focus became prevention.
Arrested by the FBI (12 December 1940)
— From wikipedia.org
On 12 December 1941, five days after the attack on Pearl Harbor and the day after Germany declared it was at war with the United States, Reich was arrested in his home at 2 a.m. by the FBI and taken to Ellis Island, where he was held for over three weeks. He identified himself at the time as the Associate Professor of Medical Psychology, Director of the Orgone Institute. He was at first left to sleep on the floor in a large hall, surrounded by members of the fascist German American Bund, who Reich feared might kill him, but when his psoriasis returned he was transferred to the hospital ward.He was questioned about several books the FBI found when they searched his home, including Hitler’s Mein Kampf, Trotsky’s My Life, a biography of Lenin and a Russian alphabet book for children. After threatening to go on hunger strike he was released, on 5 January, but his name remained on the «key figures list» of the Enemy Alien Control Unit, which meant he was placed under surveillance.
Turner writes that it seems Reich was the victim of mistaken identity; there was a William Reich who ran a bookstore in New Jersey, which was used to distribute Communist material. The FBI acknowledged the mistake in November 1943 and closed Reich’s file. In 2000 it released 789 pages of the file:
Federal Bureau of Investigation. «Dr. Wilhelm Reich» (also see here).
Orgonon – A permanent home for Reich’s Work
— From: Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust
In November 1942, Reich purchased an old farm a few miles from his cabin in Maine. The 160-acre property of fields, forests, and hills bordered a small lake known as Dodge Pond, and commanded stunning views in all directions. Reich called the property «Orgonon,» and envisioned it as a permanent home for his work.
In 1945, a Student Laboratory was built at Orgonon. Three years later, construction began on the Orgone Energy Observatory which included additional laboratory facilities, Reich’s library and study, and outdoor observation decks to observe and study atmospheric orgone energy phenomena. Funding for these buildings and for Reich’s research came exclusively from his own income as a physician and teacher, and from loans and contributions from students.
By 1947, after less than eight years in America, Reich’s work was attracting considerable interest as orgone research expanded into new areas of psychiatry, medicine and biophysics. One of Reich’s most significant new developments at Orgonon was the discovery of a motor force in orgone energy from the atmosphere, a scientific breakthrough with enormous practical implications.
As Orgonon continued to grow, Reich’s dream for a home for his work was slowly becoming a reality. Sadly, it was a dream that would not be fulfilled.
Chronology of the Scientific Development of Wilhelm Reich (1940 – 1947)
— From: Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust– Chronology
1940 Discovery of Orgone Energy in the atmosphere
1940 Invention of the Orgone Energy Accumulator
1944 Invention of the Orgone Energy Field Meter
1940-1945 Experimental orgone therapy of the cancer biopathy
1945 Experimental investigation of primary biogenesis (Experiment XX)
1945 Method of Orgonomic Functionalism
1947 Emotional Plague of man as a disease of the bio-energetic equilibrium
German and English selected Papers and Books (1939 – 1947)
— From wikipedia.org
Reich, Wilhelm. Die Entdeckung des Orgons Erster Teil: Die Funktion des Orgasmus, 1942
Reich, Wilhelm. The Discovery of Orgone, Volume 1: The Function of the Orgasm, 1942 (Die Entdeckung des Orgons Erster Teil: Die Funktion des Orgasmus, translated by Theodore P. Wolfe)
Reich, Wilhelm (1942). The Function of the Orgasm.
Reich, Wilhelm. Rede an den kleinen Mann, 1945
Reich, Wilhelm. Character Analysis, (Charakteranalyse, translated by Theodore P. Wolfe) 1945
Reich, Wilhelm. The Sexual Revolution, (Die Sexualität im Kulturkampf, translated by Theodore P. Wolfe) 1945
The Mass Psychology of Fascism, 1946 (Massenpsychologie des Faschismus, translated by Theodore P. Wolfe)
Wilhelm Reich Collected Works Microfilms (1939 – 1947)
Bibliographic material present in the microfilms (Wilhelm Reich Collected Works Microfilms) in PDF form, made available by Eva Reich.
Journals Published by Orgone Institute (1942 – 1947)
— From wikipedia.org
(ed.) International Journal of Sex-Economy & Orgone Research, 1942–1947
(ed.) Annals of the Orgone Institute, 1947–1949
Journals Published by Orgone Institute from: Wilhelm Reich Collected Works Microfilms (1942 – 1947)
Bibliographic material present in the microfilms (Wilhelm Reich Collected Works Microfilms) in PDF form, made available by Eva Reich.
McF 203 International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research, Vol. 1. 1942
McF 204 International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research, Vol. 1. 1943
McF 205 International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research, Vol. 1. 1944
McF 206 International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research, Vol. 1. 1945
McF 207 Annals of the Orgone Institute, Number 1. 1947
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research divided by areas and articles
01 ORGONE PHYSICS
01 Wilhelm Reich. Thermical and Electroscopic Orgonometry 1941
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 3 Number 1 1944
Interval 6-21 Pag. 1-16
02 Wilhelm Reich. Orgonotic Pulsation I 1944
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 3 Numbers 2 3 1944
Interval 1-54 Pag. 97-150
03 Notes. The Orgone Energy Early Scientific Literature 1944
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 3 Numbers 2 3 1944
Interval 95-101 Pag. 191-197
04 Wilhelm Reich. Orgone Biophysics, Mechanistic Science and Atomic Energy 1945
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Numbers 2 3 1945
Interval 3-6 Pag. 129-132
05 Wilhelm Reich. Experimental Demonstration of Physical Orgone Energy 1945
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Numbers 2 3 1945
Interval 7-24 Pag. 133-146
06 Notes Editorial. Is the Orgone Atomic Energy? 1945
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Numbers 2 3 1945
Interval 80-81 Pag. 202-202
02 ORGONE BIOLOGICS
01 Walter Frank. Vegetoterapy 1942
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 1 1942
Interval 70-92 Pag. 65-87
02 Wilhelm Reich. The Discovery of the Orgone 1941
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 2 1942
Interval 12-36 Pag. 108-130
03 Wilhelm Reich. The Carcinomatous Shrinking Biopathy 1942
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 2 1942
Interval 37-61 Pag. 131-155
04 Mary Robert. Shock Therapy as a Subjective Experience 1942
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 2 1942
Interval 62-68 Pag. 156-162
05 Wilhelm Reich. The Natural Organization of Protozoa from Orgone Energy Vesicles (Bions) 1942
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 3 1942
Interval 1-33 Pag. 193-255
06 William F. Thorburn. Mechanistic Medicine and the Biopathies 1942
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 3 1942
Interval 65-66 Pag. 257-258
07 Theodore P. Wolfe. A Sex-Economic Note on Academic Sexology 1942
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 3 1942
Interval 67-73 Pag. 259-265
08 Wilhelm Reich. Experimental Orgone Therapy of the Cancer Biopathy (1932-1943)
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 2 Number 1 1943
Interval 6-96 Pag. 1-92
09 Lucille Bellamy. Vegetotherapeutic Gymnastics 1943
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 2 Numbers 2 3 1943
Interval 49-55 Pag. 141-147
10 Theodore P. Wolfe. Misconceptions of Sex-Economy as Evidenced in Book Reviews 1943
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 2 Numbers 2 3 1943
Interval 74-80 Pag. 166-172
11- Carl Arnold. A Theory of Living Functioning 1944
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 3 Number 1 1944
Interval 22-42 Pag. 17-37
12 Notes Editorial. Rational and Irrational Discussion of Orgone Biophysics 1944
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 3 Number 1 1944
Interval 79-84 Pag. 74-79
13 Theodore P. Wolfe. The Stumbling Block in Medicine and Psychiatry1942
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 3 Numbers 2 3 1944
Interval 69-91 Pag. 175-187
14 Wilhelm Reich. Anorgonia in the Carcinomatous ShrinkingBiopathy 1944
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Number 1 1945
Interval 3-35 Pag. 1-33
15 Notes Editorial. Cold Facts. Orgone Accumulator 1945
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Number 1 1945
Interval 102-102 Pag. 100-100
16 Notes Editorial. Free Love 1945
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Number 1 1945
Interval 106-106 Pag. 104-104
17 Notes Editorial. Orgonotic Contact. Letter from a Reader 1945
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Numbers 2 3 1945
Interval 81-82 Pag. 203-204
18 Wilhelm Reich. From the History of Orgone Biophysics 1947
McF 207 Annals of the Orgone Institute, Number 1. 1947
Interval 58-67 Pag. 108-126
03 ORGONE BIOLOGICS 2. A case History
01 Wilhelm Reich. The Orgasm Reflex. A case History 1942.
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 1 1942
Interval 60-69 Pag. 55-64
02 Carl Arnold. The Treatment of a Depression. 1942
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 2 1942
Interval 69-76 Pag.163-170
03 Wilhelm Reich. The Masochistic Character (1933)
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 3 Number 1 1944
Interval 43-66 Pag.38-61
04 Walter Hoppe. My First Experiences the Orgone Accumulator 1945
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Numbers 2 3 1945
Interval 78-79 Pag. 200-201
04 ORGONOMIC FUNCTIONALISM
01 Theodore P. Wolfe. The Sex-Economic Concept of Psychosomatic Identity and Antithesis 1942
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 1 1942
Interval 38-59 Pag. 33-54
02 Wilhelm Reich. Biophysical Functionalism and Mechanistic Natural Science 1941
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 2 1942
Interval 1-11 Pag. 97-107
03 Wilhelm Reich. Orgonotic Pulsation I 1944
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 3 Numbers 2 3 1944
Interval 1-54 Pag. 97-150
04 Wilhelm Reich. The Living Productive Power, Working Power of Karl Marx (1936) 1944
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 3 Numbers 2 3 1944
Interval 55-68 Pag. 151-164
05 R. H. Attkin. Mechanistic Thinking as the Original Sin 1947
McF 207 Annals of the Orgone Institute, Number 1. 1947
Interval 51-54 Pag. 95-101
05 CHILDREN
01 Ernst Walter. A Talk with a Sensible Mother 1936
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 1 1942
Interval 16-22 Pag. 11-17
02 Paul Martin. Sex-Economic Upbringing 1942
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 1 1942
Interval 23-37 Pag. 18-32
03 Editorial. Physiological Anchoring of Psychic Conflicts 1942
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 2 1942
Interval 83-85 Pag. 177-179
04 A. S. Neills. The Problem Teacher I 1939
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 2 1942
Interval 86-90 Pag. 180-184
05 A. S. Neills. The Problem Teacher II 1939
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 3 1942
Interval 90-96 Pag. 282-288
06 A High School Student. The Sexual Behavior of Adolescents in a New York Borough 1943
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 2 Numbers 2 3 1943
Interval 61-65 Pag. 153-157
07 Theodore P. Wolfe. A Sex-economistAnswers I 1943
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 2 Numbers 2 3 1943
Interval 66-73 Pag. 158-165
08 Paul Martin. Reviews Which Kind Progressive Education 1943
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 2 Numbers 2 3 1943
Interval 83-96 Pag. 175-188
09 A .S. Neills. The Problem Teacher III 1939
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 2 Numbers 2 3 1943
Interval 106-112 Pag. 198-204
10 Theodore P. Wolfe. A Sex-economist Answers II 1943
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 3 Number 1 1944
Interval 67-75 Pag. 62-70
11 Theodore P. Wolfe. Reviews The Boy Sex Offender 1943
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 3 Number 1 1944
Interval 87-91 Pag. 82-86
12 A. S. Neills. The Problem Teacher IV 1939
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 3 Number 1 1944
Interval 92-101 Pag. 87-96
13 Paul Marting. Sex Education in the Schools
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 3 Numbers 2 3 1944
Interval 92-94 Pag. 188-190
14 Notes. Some Observations of Children 1944
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 3 Numbers 2 3 1944
Interval 101-107 Pag. 197-203
15 A. S. Neills. That Dreadful School I 1944
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 3 Numbers 2 3 1944
Interval 124-136 Pag. 220-232
16 A. S. Neills. Coeducation and Sex 1945
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Number 1 1945
Interval 56-60 Pag. 54-58
17 Felicia Saxe. A case History 1945
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Number 1 1945
Interval 61-73 Pag. 59-71
18 Alexander Lowen. Adolescence A Problem in Sex-Economy 1945
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Number 1 1945
Interval 74-97 Pag. 72-95
19 Notes Editorial. Sexuality Before the Law 1945
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Number 1 1945
Interval 102-105 Pag. 100-103
20 A. S. Neills. That Dreadful School II 1945
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Number 1 1945
Interval 117-130 Pag. 115-128
21 Elena Calas. Studying the Children’s Place 1945
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Numbers 2 3 1945
Interval 34-50 Pag. 156-172
22 Lucille Bellamy Denison. The child and his Struggle 1945
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Numbers 2 3 1945
Interval 51-68 Pag. 173-190
23 A. S. Neills. That Dreadful School III 1945
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Numbers 2 3 1945
Interval 107-130 Pag. 228-251
24 Felicia Saxe. Armored Human Beings versus the Healthy Child 1947
McF 207 Annals of the Orgone Institute, Number 1. 1947
Interval 21-40 Pag. 35-72
25 Ilse Ollendorff. About Self-Regulation in a Healthy Childe 1847
McF 207 Annals of the Orgone Institute, Number 1. 1947
Interval 44-49 Pag. 81-90
26 Elizabeth Tyson. The Armored Teacher 1947
McF 207 Annals of the Orgone Institute, Number 1. 1947
Interval 49-51 Pag. 91-94
06 EMOTIONAL PLAGUE AND SOCIETY
01 Wilhelm Reich. Biophysical Functionalism and Mechanistic Natural Science 1941
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 2 1942
Interval 1-11 Pag. 97-107
02 Paul Martin. The Dangers of Freedom 1942
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 3 1942
Interval 34-45 Pag. 226-137
03 Stefan Hirning. The Place of Literature in the cultural Struggle 1942
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 3 1942
Interval 46-54 Pag. 238-246
04 Wilhelm Reich. Character and Society 1936
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 3 1942
Interval 55-64 Pag. 247-256
05 Gunnar Leinstikoy. The Fascist newspaper campaign in Norway 1942
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 3 1942
Interval 74-81 Pag. 266-273
06 Wilhelm Reich. Give Responsibility to Vitally Necessary Work 1943
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 2 Numbers 2 3 1943
Interval 1-4 Pag. 93-97
07 Wilhelm Reich. The Biological Miscalculation in Human Struggle for Freedom 1942
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 2 Numbers 2 3 1943
Interval 5-29 Pag. 97-121
08 Wilhelm Reich. Work Democracy Versus Politics 1943
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 2 Numbers 2 3 1943
Interval 30-48 Pag. 122-140
09 Dorothy I. Post. Freedom is not so Dangerous 1943
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 2 Numbers 2 3 1943
Interval 56-60 Pag. 148-152
10 Harry Obermayer. Reviews Social reconstruction Without Sex-Economy 1943
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 2 Numbers 2 3 1943
Interval 81-83 Pag. 173-175
11 Theodore P. Wolfe. On a Common Motive for Defamation 1944
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 3 Number 1 1944
Interval 76-78 Pag. 71-73
12 Harry Obermayer. Reviews The Psychology of Fascism 1944
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 3 Number 1 1944
Interval 86-87 Pag. 81-82
13 Wilhelm Reich. Some Mechanism of the Emotional Plague 1945
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Number 1 1945
Interval 36-55 Pag. 34-53
14 Gladys Meyer. Review The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy 1945
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Number 1 1945
Interval 107-116 Pag. 105-114
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Numbers 2 3 1945
Interval 25-33 Pag. 147-155
16 Gladys Meyer. The Making of Fascists 1945
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Numbers 2 3 1945
Interval 69-77 Pag. 191-199
17 Wilhelm Reich. Work Democracy in Action 1944
McF 207 Annals of the Orgone Institute, Number 1. 1947
Interval 6-21 Pag. 4-35
18 Anthony I. Swaroswsky. Thoughts on the Sex Behavior of American Soldiers in the Eto 1947
McF 207 Annals of the Orgone Institute, Number 1. 1947
Interval 54-57 Pag. 101-107
19 T.P. Wolfe. Emotional Plague versus Orgone Biophysics 1948
McF 515 T.P. Wolfe. Emotional Plague versus Orgone Biophysics 1948
Interval 1-26 Pag. 1-49
07 THE ORGONE INSTITUTE
01 Wilhelm Reich About the History and the Activities of our Institute 1942
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 1 1942
Interval 6-15 Pag. 1-10
02 Outline of Present Activities of the Orgone Institute 1945
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 4 Number 1 1945
Interval 98-101 Pag. 96-99
03 The Annals of The Orgone institute 1947
McF 207 Annals of the Orgone Institute, Number 1. 1947
Interval 5-5 Pag. 3
04 Walter Hoppe. Sex-economy and Orgone Research in Palestine 1947
McF 207 Annals of the Orgone Institute, Number 1. 1947
Interval 40-44 Pag. 73-81
Wilhelm Reich Museum Bookstore (1939 – 1947)
Books by Wilhelm Reich
The Function of the Orgasm
The Discovery of the Orgone – Vol. 1
Original Publication: Orgone Institute Press – 1942 and 1948
Banned from circulation by U.S. Federal Court order – 1954
Burned under FDA supervision – 1956 and 1960
Re-published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux – 1961
«It is a good idea to write scientific biographies in one’s younger years, at an age when one has not yet lost certain illusions regarding the readiness of one’s fellows to accept revolutionary knowledge. If one still has these illusions, one is able to cleave to the basic truths, to resist all the various temptations to compromise or sacrifice clear-cut findings to laziness in thinking or to the need for peace of mind.»
Wilhelm Reich, M.D.
(from the Introductory Survey)
This was Reich’s first published book in the United States, which he wrote specifically to introduce his work to an American audience. He summarizes his clinical and scientific work with the human organism over a period of twenty years from its roots in the Vienna Seminar on Sexology and his first contact with Sigmund Freud, to his laboratory experiments in Oslo which confirmed his orgasm theory and led to the discovery of a radiating biological energy, the orgone.
The discovery of orgone energy was the result of a consistent clinical investigation of the concept of «psychic energy,» at first in the realm of psychiatry. Experience has shown beyond any doubt that the knowledge of emotional functions of the biological energy is indispensable for the understanding of its physiological and physical functions. The biological emotions which govern the psychic processes are in themselves the immediate expression of a strictly physical energy, the cosmic orgone.
The Function of the Orgasm is an excellent presentation of the whole development of Reich’s work in its rapid progression from the realm of psychology into that of biology.
Character Analysis
(Third, enlarged edition – 1949)
Original Publication: Sexpol Verlag (1933) and Orgone Institute Press (1945 & 1949)
Banned from circulation by U.S. Federal Court order – 1954
Burned under FDA supervision – 1956 and 1960
Re-published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux – 1963
«In the fifteen years since the publication of the first edition, I had to redesign and rewrite our picture of emotional disease. During this time, many important developments took place: ‘character’ became a term signifying typical biological behavior. The ‘emotions,’ more and more, came to mean manifestations of of a tangible bio-energy of the organismic orgone energy. Slowly, we learned to handle it practically by what is now called ‘medical orgone therapy.’»
Wilhelm Reich, M.D.
(from the Preface)
In 1933, Reich published Charakteranalyse in German. In 1945, his second edition in English went further, adding the inevitable leap from depth psychology to biology predicted by Freud. Reich’s third, enlarged edition of this classic study of human character includes all of the previously published material–taken between 1928 and 1934, from psychoanalysis to the bioenergetic study of the emotions–and adds a new section expounding Reich’s later discoveries.
This includes three later papers: «The Emotional Plague,» «The Expressive Language of The Living in Orgone Therapy,» and «The Schizophrenic Split,» an extensive case history of a paranoid schizophrenic. This case history will convince the reader that the organismic orgone energy is the physical reality that corresponds to the merely psychological concept of «psychic energy.»
In this enlarged edition, Reich illustrates how his study of character led to a comprehension of the biological basis of neuroses and finally to the discovery of the cosmic orgone energy. Thus, character analysis is taken out of the realm of psychology and put on the firm basis of natural science, in the form of orgone biophysics.
Listen, Little Man!
Illustrated by William Steig
Original Publication: Orgone Institute Press – 1948
Banned from circulation by U.S. Federal Court order – 1954
Burned under FDA supervision – 1956 and 1960
Re-published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux – 1965
«They call you Little Man, or Common Man. They say your day has dawned, the ‘Age of the Common Man.’ You don’t say that, little man. They do, the vice president of great nations, the labor leaders, the repentant sons of the bourgeoisie, the statesmen and philosophers. They give you the future, but they ask no questions about your past. You’ve inherited a terrible past. Your heritage is a burning diamond in your hand. That’s what I have to tell you.»
Wilhelm Reich, M.D.,
(opening paragraph of Listen, Little Man!)
This is a human, not a scientific document. It was written in the summer of 1946 for the Archives of the Orgone Institute, although there are indications in the Archives that the manuscript evolved between 1943 and 1946. At the time Reich had no intention of publishing it. This work reflects the inner turmoil of a research physician and scientist who had observed the little man for many years and seen, first with astonishment and then with horror, what he does to himself.
Reich’s appeal to the little, average man was a silent response to the gossip and slander that plagued his career. His decision to publish this manuscript was made in 1947 during a concerted effort by various professional organizations and the U.S.. Food and Drug Administration to destroy orgone energy research–not to prove it unsound, but to destroy it by defamation. Reich’s sharp criticism combines with an abiding confidence in the «tremendous unmined treasures» that lie in the depths of human nature, ready to be utilized for the fulfillment of human hopes.
Listen, Little Man! is illustrated with expressive drawings from cartoonist and author William Steig, a friend and supporter of Reich’s, best known today as the author of Shrek, upon which the hit films were based.
Rede an den Kleinen Mann(German Manuscripts)
Listen, Little Man!
The Mass Psychology of Fascism
Original Publication: Sexpol Verlag (1933 & 1934) and Orgone Institute Press (1946)
Banned from circulation by U.S. Federal Court order – 1954
Burned under FDA supervision – 1956 and 1960
Re-published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux – 1969
«The Mass Psychology of Fascism was thought out during the German crisis years, 1930-33. It was written in 1933; the first edition appeared in September of 1933; and the second edition in April of 1934 in Denmark… In 1942 an English source suggested that the book be translated into English. Thus I was confronted with the task of examining the validity of the book ten years after it was written.»
Wilhelm Reich, M.D.
(from the Preface)
Wilhelm Reich’s classic study, written during the years of the German crisis, is a unique contribution to the understanding of one of the crucial phenomena of our times–fascism. Reich firmly repudiates the concept that fascism is the ideology or action of a single individual or nationality, or any ethnic or political group. He also denies a purely socio-economic explanation as advanced by Marxist ideologists. He understands fascism as the expression of the irrational character structure of the average human being whose primary, biological needs and impulses have been suppressed for thousands of years.
The social function of this suppression and the crucial role played in it by the authoritarian family and the church are carefully analyzed. Reich shows how every form of organized mysticism, including fascism, relies on the unsatisfied orgastic longing of the masses.
The importance of this work today cannot be underestimated. The human character structure that created organized fascist movements still exists, dominating our present social conflicts. If the chaotic agony of our times is ever to be eliminated, we must turn our attention to the character structure that creates it; we must understand the mass psychology of fascism.
Die Massenpsychologie des Fascismus(German Manuscripts)
The Mass Psychology of Fascism
The Sexual Revolution
Toward a Self-Governing Character Structure
Original Publication: Muenster Verlag (1930),
Sexpol Verlag (1936), Orgone Institute Press (1945 & 1949)
Banned from circulation by U.S. Federal Court order – 1954
Burned under FDA supervision – 1956 and 1960
Re-published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux – 1962
«Twenty years have passed since the material in the first part of this book was summarized and published by the Muenster Verlag in Vienna under the title Geschlechtsreife, Enthaltsamkeit, Ehemoral. Twenty years do not count for much in the realm of biology; yet, in the first half of this turbulent twentieth century, human society has endured more misery than during many previous centuries. We may say that, in the last two decades, all the concepts which man has put forward for a clear understanding of his existence have been called into question. Among these concepts none has been more shattered than that of sexual morality, which, scarcely more than thirty years ago, seemed to guide human life in strict unswerving fashion. We are living in the midst of a genuine transvaluation of all values regarding the sexual life of human beings.»
Wilhelm Reich, M.D.
(from the Preface)
In this book, Wilhelm Reich summarizes the criticism of the prevailing sexual conditions and conflicts as it resulted from his sex-economic medical experiences over a period of years. He demonstrates, by way of individual examples, the general basic traits of the conflicts in present-day sexual living, dealing particularly with the institution of marriage and the revolution in family life, as well as with the problems of infantile and adolescent sexuality. He also presents a detailed and revealing study of the sexual revolution that occurred briefly in Soviet Russia in the first few years of their economic revolution.
«What we are living through,» Reich stated, «is a genuine, deep-reaching revolution of cultural living [which] goes to the roots of our emotional, social and economic existence…The senses of the animal, man, for his natural life functions are awakening from a sleep of thousands of years.»
The Sexual Revolution was first published in English in 1945. This revised fourth edition includes Reich’s prefaces to his earlier editions, as well as all of the other materials that appeared in those earlier editions.
Articles by Reich
The Carcinomatous Shrinking Biopathy
This chapter from The Cancer Biopathy deals specifically with the underlying causes of cancer and shows how the sexual function is connected to this dread disease.
03 Wilhelm Reich. The Carcinomatous Shrinking Biopathy 1942
International Journal of Sex Economy and Orgone Research Volume 1 Number 2 1942
Interval 37-61 Pag. 131-155
PART 5
The Food and Drug Administration’s Campaign Against Reich: 1947 – 1957
Historical Context (1947 – 1957)
— From: Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust
«The more success I have, the more I sense that I am in mortal danger. And the more successful I become, the less they will be inclined to spare me. It can hit me at any place and at any time.»
— Diary entry (June 14, 1947)
from American Odyssey
In 1947 an article entitled «The Strange Case of Wilhelm Reich» appeared in New Republic magazine. Authored by freelance writer Mildred Edie Brady, it was filled with distortions and innuendos about Reich’s sexual theories and orgone research. Brady’s most inflammatory claim was that Reich was building accumulators of orgone energy «which are rented out to patients who presumably derived orgastic potency from it.»
Implying that Reich was a danger to the public, Brady challenged the medical authorities to take action against him. Two months later, the article was brought to the attention of the Food and Drug Administration. The result was a ten-year campaign by the FDA designed to destroy Reich’s work. The FDA focused on the orgone energy accumulator which Reich and his physicians were using experimentally with patients. Convinced that the accumulator was being fraudulently promoted as a sexual and medical device, FDA agents spent years interviewing Reich’s associates, physicians, students and patients, looking for dissatisfied users. None were ever found.
As the FDA’s investigation continued, so did Reich’s work.
The Oranur Experiment
— From: Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust, The Oranur Experiment
Comment: Just as the Bions experiment was basic to the discovery of Orgone Biophysical Energy, the discovery of Orgone accumulators was basic to the discovery of Physical Orone Energy, ie, free mass energy in motion in the atmosphere and cosmos. In the same way, the understanding of the Oranur Project is basic to everything that comes forth in the Cosmic Orgone Engineering. The Oranur Project enabled the discovery of DOR Energy.
This 159-page publication first appeared as the entire October 1951 issue of the Orgone Energy Bulletin. In it, Reich documents his 1950-1951 laboratory experiments at Orgonon to test the effects of concentrated orgone energy on nuclear energy. Reich’s principal objective was the «investigation of possible anti-nuclear radiation effects in the atmospheric orgone energy.»
The most critical of these experiments took place in January 1951, when Reich placed a one-milligram needle of radium (procured from the Canadian Radium and Uranium Corporation in New York City) into a small one-layer orgone accumulator that was placed into a 20-layer orgone accumulator that was located inside the metal-lined Orgone Room in the Student Laboratory. The unexpected results of this experiment would be a major leap forward in Reich’s orgone energy research.
The first half of this report comprises Reich’s documentation of his earlier laboratory and field work leading up to the Oranur Experiment.
04 Wilhelm Reich Orgone Energy (OR) Versus Nuclear Energy (NR) – Oranur 1950-1951
McF 310 Orgone Energy Bulletin. Vol. 3, No. 4. Oct. 1951
Interval 45-74 Pag. 267-325
06 Wilhelm Reich DOR Removel and Cloud-Busting 1952
McF 314 Orgone Energy Bulletin. Vol. 4, No. 4. Oct. 1952
Interval 3-9 Pag. 171-182
07 Wilhelm Reich. The Blackening Rocks Melanor 1952
McF 315 Orgone Energy Bulletin. Vol. 5, No. 1,2. Mar. 1953
Interval 16-31 Pag. 28-59
11 Wilhelm Reich CORE OROP Desert. Record Regarding of Oranur 1953
McF 317 CORE. Vol. 6, No. 1 – 4. Jul. 1954
interval 69-77 Pag. 123-139
04 Chester Raphael CORE. DOR Sickness. A review of Reich’s Findings 1954
McF 318 CORE. Vol. 7, No. 1,2. Mar. 1955
Interval 12-16 Pag.20-28
Reich and the Cloudbuster
— From: Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust
Reich continued to develop new ways to visualize, measure, and harness orgone energy from the atmosphere. The Cloudbuster, for example, was an experimental instrument that could affect weather patterns by altering concentrations of orgone energy in the atmosphere. It comprised a set of hollow metal pipes and cables inserted into water, creating a stronger orgone energy system than that in the surrounding atmosphere. Water, which strongly attracts and absorbs orgone, draws the atmospheric orgone through the pipes. This movement of orgone from a lower to a higher energy system was used by Reich to create clouds and to dissipate them.
Reich used the Cloudbuster to conduct dozens of experiments involving what he called «Cosmic Orgone Engineering (C.O.R.E.).» One of the most notable occurred in 1953. During a long drought that threatened the Maine blueberry crop, several farmers offered to pay Reich if he could bring rain to the parched region. The weather bureau had forecast no rain for several days when Reich began his Cloudbusting operations. Ten hours later, a light rain began to fall. Over the next few days, close to two inches fell. The blueberry crop was saved, and in local newspaper articles the farmers credited Reich.
06 Wilhelm Reich DOR Removel and Cloud-Busting 1952
McF 314 Orgone Energy Bulletin. Vol. 4, No. 4. Oct. 1952
Interval 3-9 Pag. 171-182
02 Wilhelm Reich CORE. DOR Removal, Cloud-Busting, & Fog-Lifting 1954
McF 317 CORE. Vol. 6, No. 1 – 4. Jul. 1954
interval 21-29 Pag. 28-44
The Injunction
— From: Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust
In February 1954, the FDA filed a Complaint for Injunction against Reich in the Federal Court in Portland, Maine. The Complaint declared that orgone energy does not exist, and asked the Court to prohibit the shipment of accumulators in interstate commerce and to ban Reich’s published literature which they claimed was labeling for the accumulators.
After considerable thought and discussion of this matter, Reich responded with a lengthy letter to Judge John Clifford, explaining that he could not appear in Court, since doing so would allow a Court of law to judge basic scientific research. He wrote:
«Scientific matters can only be clarified by prolonged, faithful bona fide observations in friendly exchange of opinion, never by litigation… Man’s right to know, to learn, to inquire, to make bona fide errors, to investigate human emotions must, by all means, be safe, if the word FREEDOM should ever be more than an empty political slogan.
Furthermore, Reich asserted, if his painstakingly elaborated and published findings
«…over a period of 30 years could not convince this administration, or will not be able to convince any other administration of the true nature of the discovery of the Life Energy, no litigation in any court anywhere will ever help to do so. I, therefore, submit, in the name of truth and justice that I shall not appear in court as the ‘defendant’ against a plaintiff who by his mere complaint already has shown his ignorance in matters of natural science.»
Judge Clifford did not accept Reich’s letter as a valid legal response, and on March 19, 1954, a Decree of Injunction was issued on default as if Reich had never responded at all. But the Injunction itself was even more excessive than the initial Complaint:
- it ordered orgone energy accumulators and their parts to be destroyed
- it ordered all materials containing instructions for the use of the accumulator to be destroyed
- it banned a list of Reich’s books containing statements about orgone energy, until such time that all references to orgone energy were deleted
After the initial shock, Reich continued his research, traveling to Arizona to experiment with the Cloudbuster in the dry desert environment. While he was there, and without his knowledge, one of Reich’ students–Dr. Michael Silvert–moved a truckload of accumulators and books from Rangeley, Maine to New York City, a direct violation of the Injunction.
As a result, the FDA charged Reich and Silvert with criminal contempt of court. Following a jury trial, both men were found guilty on May 7, 1956. Reich was sentenced to two years in federal prison, Silvert was sentenced to a year and a day. The Wilhelm Reich Foundation–founded in Maine in 1949 by students and friends to preserve Reich’s Archives and to secure the future of his discovery of the Cosmic Life Energy–was fined $10,000.
While Reich appealed his sentence, the government carried out the destruction of orgone accumulators and literature. In Maine, several boxes of literature were burned, and accumulators and accumulator materials either destroyed or dismantled. In New York City, on August 23, 1956, the FDA supervised the burning of several tons of Reich’s publications in one of the city’s garbage incinerators, including titles that were only to have been banned.
This destruction of literature constitutes one of the most heinous examples of censorship in United States history.
On March 8, 1957, Reich signed his Last Will and Testament. Among its stipulations was the establishment of The Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust Fund as the legal entity charged with operating Orgonon as The Wilhelm Reich Museum; protecting, preserving, and transmitting his scientific legacy to future generations; and safeguarding Reich’s Archives.
All appeals denied, on March 12, 1957–two weeks shy of his 60th birthday–Wilhelm Reich was temporarily incarcerated at the Danbury Federal Penitentiary in Connecticut. On March 22, he was taken to the Federal Penitentiary in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania. He died there of heart failure on November 3, 1957, and was buried at Orgonon.
Wilhelm Reich’s contact with spaceby Robert Scott Martin
SPACE.com staffwriter
posted: 05:38 pm ET
16 August 1999
On January 28, 1954, Wilhelm Reich «happened accidentally to observe 2 bright yellow-orange lights moving in front of a mountain range toward a lake.» The encounter was the opening salvo of a «war» with UFOs that would occupy the final phases of Reich’s troubled medical and scientific career.
At the time, Reich — a trained psychoanalyst who had once belonged to Sigmund Freud’s inner Vienna circle — was already facing what he called «emotional and physical misery» caused by his more terrestrial battle with the U.S. Food & Drug Administration over the use of «orgone» — a controversial form of ambient «life energy» that he claimed to have discovered.
Reich found an inexhaustible range of uses for his discovery, touting orgone as everything from the secret of anti-gravity to a tool for weather control (especially rainmaking). Most importantly, he found that he could use orgone to «interfere» with UFOs.
But to the FDA, orgone simply did not exist, rendering Reich’s orgone-based therapies prosecutable under quackery statutes. Even today, 4 decades after the controversy, Reichian therapists claim to be able to manipulate the energy for a wide variety of healing effects — including the cure for cancer -without resorting to drugs, radiation, or chemicals. Instead, Reichians work to build up a current of orgone within the patient’s vicinity in order to strengthen and heal the underlying life force itself.
Nevertheless, Reich’s legal fight with the FDA ended with his death in prison after defying a federalinjunction against the use of orgone for medical purposes.
Whatever the official status of his medical theories, Reich expected a response when he wrote to the U.S. Air Force about his UFO sighting. He reasoned that «the U.S. Air Force is the natural organization in the Western World responsible» for dealing with such phenomena because «it operates in the atmosphere and watches the frontier upward toward outer space.» When the military didn’t deal with his report to his satisfaction, Reich took matters into his own hands.
The Encounter and the Air Force
In his letter to the Air Force — reproduced in his last book Contact With Space — Reich described his sighting as «a brightly shining light» moving from west-to-east through the forest outside Rangeley, Maine. A second, similar phenomenon soon joined the first, both moving steadily in front of Spotted Mountain. He concluded that the objects were not stars due to their course and the mountain intervening between their apparent motion and the sky, but the possibility that they were military vehicles or other objects of a terrestrial type did not seem to occur to him.
At around the same time, Reich’s secretary Ilse Ollendorff also reported seeing «a similar but brighter and bigger, because closer, object.» Like the aerial phenomena observed by Reich, Ollendorff’s sighting hovered in front of a mountain but then «was seen rising once vertically upward, settling down again and then disappearing.»
The Air Force, for its part, was either unaware of Reich’s running battle with the FDA or was intrigued enough by his encounter to overlook the controversy. Lt. Steven J. Hebert, stationed at the Presque Isle Air Force Base, wrote back telling Reich that the «subject officer notified this organization to take whatever action necessary since this unit is interested in investigating unidentified aerial phenomena.»
Hebert enclosed a copy of “Technical Information Sheet Form A” (the Air Force’s UFO reporting questionnaire) for Reich and Ollendorff to fill out and return. As Contact With Space ruefully notes, Reich received the letter only 5 days before the FDA obtained the injunction forbidding the distribution of orgone equipment as medical devices.
Reich returned the questionnaire along with a copy of a short essay «Survey on Ea«, providing background on other unusual occurrences around the Orgonon research facility including the revelation that friends had told Reich «of saucers having been seen over Orgonon in 1951». However, he had taken little personal interest in the reports until 1953 when his discovery of Donald Keyhoe’s book made him wonder whether UFOs — or in his terminology, «Enigma Alpha» or «Ea» — might be propelled by orgone.
The Air Force did not reply, perhaps put off by the impenetrable nature of the «basic Orgonometric equations» included as an appendix to «Survey on Ea«. In the book, Reich includes a rather coyly self-important note saying «not all can be revealed» about his relationship with the Air Force. But there is no evidence in Contact With Space that Reich was in communication with the military until October, a full 6 months later.
Instead, during that time, Reich writes that he busied himself with appealing the FDA injunction and preparing a research trip to Arizona where he hoped to investigate the role played by orgone reactions in the formation of deserts.
Watching for hostile signs in the sky
In looking toward space to explain his sighting, Reich showed himself to be anything but an uncontaminated witness. Like most U.S. citizens in the 1950s, exposed to years of speculation that flying saucers were not native to the Earth, Reich already believed that unknown aerial phenomena were — in his words — most likely «contacts with visitors from outer space.»
Reich was familiar with Donald Keyhoe’s groundbreaking 1953 book Flying Saucers from Outer Space, leaving him predisposed to look for extraterrestrialexplanations for the unknown lights weaving across the sky near his Maine research facility. Moreover, the fact that he had seen “War of the Worlds” only 3 weeks before reporting his sighting was also likely a contributing factor — as Reich called the film «a rather realistic approach to the planetary emergency,» it evidently made quite an impression.
Furthermore, the cultural climate of the 1950s not only predisposed Reich to look beyond the Earth but also to look for evidence that his UFOs were engaged in «warlike» behavior.
The threat of war was in the air, both in Reich’s embattled personal life and in the broader political framework. The Keyhoe book popularized several apparently hostile encounters between Air Force pilots and unidentified aerial phenomena, while no less a personage than General Douglas MacArthur would warn only a year after Reich’s sighting that «all countries on Earth will have to unite to … make a common front against attack by people on other planets.»
With that in mind, the Austrian refugee who had fled to the United States from the Nazis considered it not only a scientific but also a patriotic duty to alert Air Force Intelligence to the encounter at once.
This policy of full disclosure was typical to Reich, who had taken care to keep the White House informed about developments in orgone research since 1951. While his critics point to this as another symptom of what long-time skeptic Martin Gardner called Reich’s «paranoid egoism», Reich himself seems to have considered the matter a «major responsibility» and seems to have downplayed the potential uses of his encounter as a self-promotional vehicle.
Just before the war with the UFOs
In May, however, Reich made an accidental discovery that a few Air Force officers — including General Harold Watson, chief of intelligence at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base — would find very interesting.
As Reich was scanning the sky with a «Cloudbuster» — a device he had designed to draw orgone out of the sky in order to induce rain — he saw a star «fade out» in the presence of 3 other witnesses. He pointed the Cloudbuster pipes at a second blinking light, which also faded in brightness. Meanwhile, the first star reasserted itself once the Cloudbuster was pointed away from it.
Reich repeated the experiment three more times in quick succession, reporting identical effects each time. As it was scientifically impossible that his device could have interacted with actual stars — even in orthodox Reichian literature, the Cloudbuster’s range was measured in kilometers not light-years — he concluded that his device had interfered with 2 UFOs.
Having concluded that his Cloudbuster could also function as a «Spacegun», Wilhelm Reich began to outfit his Arizona expedition as though preparing for a war with outer space.
In October 1954, Wilhelm Reich was under siege. Not only had the Food and Drug Administration stripped him of his livelihood, but also almost daily UFO sightings were leaving his friends and family exhausted and frightened.
«There is no doubt that I am at war» with the UFOs, Reich wrote hours after four bright pulsating lights hovered for hours over Orgonon, his research facility in rural Maine. «What seemed only a possibility 1-year ago is certainty now.»
The UFOs had been menacing Orgonon since Reich began experiments with super-charging his «Cloudbuster» weather-control device with small amounts of radioactive material. Reich had learned in May that the Cloudbuster not only apparently pulled rain out of clouds but also drained energy from lights in the sky, making it — in his words — a «Spacegun» effective against UFOs.
Like the Cloudbuster, the Austrian psychiatrist turned «natural scientist» was convinced that UFOs operated on orgone — an ambient energy source that interacts with life and organic matter. Reich’s claims to the contrary, the FDA had determined that orgone did not exist and so had obtained an injunction against any medical treatment purporting to effect cures through orgone manipulation.
However, Reich stayed devoted to the reality of his discovery. He trained the «Spacegun» on 2 aerial objects as they hovered ominously over Orgonon, causing both to retreat. One «disappeared after weakening, waning, and blinking, leading Reich to conclude triumphantly that «tonight, for the first time in the history of man, the war waged for ages by living beings from outer space upon this Earth … was reciprocated.»
As above, so below. On that same day, Reich informed the authorities in Portland that he would resume his orgone-oriented publishing efforts. This defiance would lead to his death in prison less than 3 years later.
An odd meeting with Air Force Intelligence
Convinced that the aliens were waging their «war» against Earth by poisoning its orgone and creating deserts, Reich decided to test his Spacegun in the drought-wracked wastes north of Tucson, AZ. According to his final book Contact With Space, it had not rained in Tucson for 5 years, making the desert a perfect proving ground for both the Cloudbuster’s rainmaking and UFO-weakening abilities.
Meanwhile, in order to share his findings with the Air Force, Reich sent his assistant William Moise ahead to Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio. As Reich bitterly noted, Orgonon «had received no direct help from the Air Force, financial or otherwise». But he remained eager to keep the military posted on the extraterrestrial-combat uses of orgone.
Moise, however, got a guarded reception at Wright-Patterson. General Harold Watson, chief of Air Force Intelligence, had initially seemed eager to speak with Moise about Reich’s claim to have «disabled» 2 UFOs, even insisting that Moise could arrive late in the day and the 2 men could «continue the conference after supper.»
Traveling cross-country, Moise was concerned that accidental factors could get in the way of the meeting and confirmed his appointment with Watson twice. Still, by the time he got to Dayton, Watson was unavailable due to «unexpected important business.»
Instead, a «Dr. W. H. Byers» and Harry Haberer greeted Moise at the base. Moise hated Byers on first sight, calling him «a man with a flabby handshake and eyes that don’t look at you.» As Watson had expressed concern that a group from the CIA would be visiting that week, it is a tantalizing possibility that Byers was a member of that delegation. Haberer, meanwhile, is known to UFO research as «a crack Air Force public relations man.»
Moise refused to talk to the 2 men and instead waited until the next day when he briefed the base’s deputy commander, who reportedly became «excited» by the revelation of a weapon against UFOs. Haberer and Byers were apparently less impressed but took notes.
The battle of Tucson begins
According to Reich, the Air Force continued its tacit interest in his work, sending numerous jets to fly by his Cloudbusting experiments but making no overt gestures because the Spacegun was «hot because it wasn’t official, and the reason it wasn’t official was because it was so hot.»
When his group arrived in Tucson from heavily-wooded Maine on October 19, they were shocked by the Arizona desert which was apparently much more severe than it is today. «We were impressed by the bare ground, giving a general impression of whiteness, hardness,» Reich wrote. «The river beds had all been dry for about 50 years … No prairie grass was to be seen anywhere.»
Over the next few weeks, the party — composed of Reich, his daughter Eva and son Peter, Moise, and another assistant — suffered almost immediately from dehydration, exhaustion, and general discomfort, all of which they attributed to poisonous «deadly orgone radiation». However, harassment from UFOs was sporadic-but-persistent, leading Reich to theorize that the «thirsty» aerial phenomena were actively fighting his rainmaking efforts.
The researchers fought back throughout November, apparently encouraging a rich growth of winter prairie grass but no rain. Transportation difficulties had forced Reich to leave his supply of radioactive material behind at Orgonon, leaving the cloudbusters at a sharp disadvantage against the UFOs. Without the radioactive charge, Reich’s team could only annoy the lights in the sky but not hinder their inscrutable activity in any real sense.
Meanwhile, the UFOs kept making the researchers miserable. One of Reich’s assistants suffered a «breakdown» while training his cloudbuster on the sky, forcing him to return to his family for a month of recuperation. In his absence, Reich speculated that the man had drawn too much poisonous orgone from a lurking alien object.
By December 7, Reich decided it was time to strengthen his hand by sending for his radioactive hole card — 2 radium needles charged with orgone. After a plane trip marked by misadventure and bad weather, the needles arrived a week later.
«A planetary Valley Forge»
Once Reich had his radium, he was ready to retake the offensive against the UFOs and the desert simultaneously.
«On December 14 about 16:30 hours, a full-scale interplanetary battle came off,» he wrote. «A battle which would have appeared incredible as well as incomprehensible to anyone who knew nothing about the (UFO) problems or who adhered to the illusion» that neither UFOs nor orgone existed.
First, the Orgonon team had to shake off «a special kind of deadly orgone attack» that left them «in very bad shape … sick … dulled, somehow out of balance.» A «tremendous black cloud — looking like smoke from a huge fire» — grew over Tucson, eventually taking on an angry reddish-purple coloration and triggering readings of 100,000 counts-per-minute on Reich’s Geiger counter. All of the researchers «suffered from nausea, quivering, pain in the upper abdomen, and discoloration of movements» while «about a dozen Air Force planes of various kinds» flew over the team’s camp.
Matters of orgone — beneficial or poisonous aside — Reich’s description of the event is reminiscent of a nuclear bomb test: a strong military presence, radiation, smoke, queasiness. However, it is unlikely that the Government would set off a bomb apparently targeted directly on Tucson — a thriving regional center of commerce.
Reich brought his radium needles into contact with the Cloudbusters and started firing away at the cloud to dissipate its power. The operation took about 20 minutes, at which time the cloud had broken up and the Geiger count returned to normal.
It rained 3 weeks later. In the meantime, Reich’s journal is filled with dozens of UFO sightings –«red-white-blue pulsations», «yellow pulsations», «silvery disks», «green-yellow steady» — on which to train his Spacegun sights. Most «grew fainter», were «extinguished» or «blinked out». The grass covering the desert grew to a height of «several inches to a foot deep», encouraging local ranchers to drive cattle into the region in herds.
After a brief side trip to Jacumba, CA, the team headed home to Maine at the end of April, 1955. «Our job in Arizona was done,» Reich said.
He was dead 18 months later, and all available copies of his books were burned by court order. Only a few copies survived, forcing his scattered disciples to rely on private printings of his works -including Contact in Space — for direction.
Wilhelm Reich’s contact with spaceby Alison Davidson
Alison Davidson, Borderlands
This article first appeared in Borderlands Magazine (1988, Vol. 44, No. 5, September – October), and is reprinted courtesy of the author. © Alison Davidson and the permission of Borderlands Research.
“There is no proof. There are no authorities whatever. No president, Academy, Court of Law, Congress or Senate on this earth has the knowledge or power to decide what will be the knowledge of tomorrow. There is no use in trying to prove something that is unknown to somebody who is ignorant of the unknown, or fearful of its threatening power. Only the good old rules of learning will eventually bring about understanding of what has invaded our earthly existence.”
The invasion that Reich refers to in his introduction to CONTACT WITH SPACE is the invasion of earth by intelligences from outer space. Very few copies of this remarkable book were made available, and Reich’s extraordinary experiences during this turbulent period have been swept under the carpet by ‘orthodox’ orgonomy.
To speak openly of UFO experiences still invites ridicule or polite smiles of disbelief. Consider then the atmosphere of the mid 1950?s when Reich was not only claiming the existence of space visitors, but carefully documenting his battle with these ‘invaders’, while developing his now well-known Cloudbusting techniques.
Reich termed the space craft Ea – ‘E’ standing for ‘Energy’, ‘a’ for alpha or primordial. Ea also represented ‘Enigma’…
“Ea is a new event without precedent in our lives,” he writes. “Humanity, with the exception of a few philosophers, had no idea of the possibility of visitors from outer space. Earthman had not developed any view, method or scientific tool to cope with the problem. In addition he has developed in his offspring a character structure and a kind of thinking which obstructs the approach to the new fact by way of ridicule, slander and outright threat to the existence of the pioneer of space engineering. Therefore our new approach must start from scratch, as if no science existed at all.”
Reich’s ability to ‘start from scratch’ had characterized his revolutionary approach to psychoanalysis early in his career, long before he left the restrictive climate of Europe to pursue his ideas in ‘free’ America. He is best known for his research into the fundamental life-energy and for his controversial methods of sex therapy. His greatest contribution to real science was his discovery (or re- discovery) of what he called ‘orgone’, the life energy at the very roots of existence. Blockages in the free flow of this energy in the individual caused ‘character armoring’ which inhibited the spontaneous expression of joy and pleasure in life. The nature of this cosmic energy, depending on circumstances, functioned either as a ‘life giving, life furthering, and reproductive force (OR), or in the absence of such conditions, turns into a killer of Life (DOR).”
During his orgonomic research Reich was able to measure this orgone energy and he successfully treated many patients in the orgone accumulator, a specially layered box wherein the life-energy was concentrated. It was this unorthodox method of treatment which brought down the wrath of the Food and Drug Administration upon Reich, an attack which finally secured his imprisonment, and death, in a federal penitentiary.
“Orgone energy does not exist,” the FDA officials said to the Judge. Having declared that Cosmic Energy did not exist, it was obvious that its discoverer must either be a “quack” or a “lunatic”. That, after all, is the rationale of orthodox, mechanistic science chained to its conceptions of a dead universe.
For Reich, the Universe was very much alive and his approach to scientific research was functional, taking into account the subjective perceptions and emotions of the researcher. After all, he writes, “Classical knowledge may all be wrong, such with the perfect Copernican circles, the ellipses of Kepler, the empty space of Einstein, the airgerms of Pasteurian bacteriologists, the atomic nature of the Universe, etc. To see new things from scratch, to expect the impossible to be true, belongs to the emotional equipment of the true pioneering scientist.”
“We shall no longer hang on to the tails of public opinion or to a non- existent authority on matters utterly unknown and strange. We shall gradually become experts ourselves in the mastery of the knowledge of the Future.”
THE FIRST CONTACT“ From the historic Oranur Experiment of 1951, Reich knew that nuclear radioactivity had a deleterious effect upon the living sea of energy in which we all live. From the observations made of the reaction of a milligram of radium put inside an Orgone Energy Accumulator, Reich knew that there was an antagonistic relationship between the energy of life (Ether, Prana, etc…) and the manmade nuclear energy so recently unleashed upon the planet. The effect of the nuclear ‘irritant’ seemed all out of proportion to the physical amount of radioactive material. The distance of this irritating and wildly exciting Orgone anti-Nuclear effect seemed to reach much farther than the actual radioactivity of the nuclear material would indicate. Perhaps, Reich reasoned, the Orgone Energy was a continuum; and this anti-nuclear reaction of the life energy (Oranur) extended and perpetuated itself in a chain reaction fashion far beyond the original limits of the nuclear radiation.” (1)
The development of the Cloudbuster was a response to the aftermath of the Oranur Experiment. Around Reich’s Oranur laboratory near Rangeley, Maine, the atmosphere became polluted with DOR (Deadly Orgone Radiation). The black and bleak DOR clouds were remarkably similar to what would later be called air pollution or smog. These clouds were present even in the midst of sunshine, and where they gathered the atmosphere felt ‘suffocating’, the sky seemed to lose its sparkle and animals and humans felt lethargy and other symptoms of malaise.
Not only were the DOR clouds a noxious presence, but a black powdery substance poured down onto the area, a substance that Reich came to directly associate with the presence of Ea in the skies above Rangeley. It was here that UFOs began to appear, big yellow and reddish pulsating ‘stars’ which were easily discernible from the planets and bluish colored fixed stars.
Previous to this Reich had no experience with UFOs and had never studied the subject. Now he was faced with a direct confrontation. Some nights there would be 3 or 4 Ea hanging in the sky above Orgonon. They would make the atmosphere black, but by mobilizing the cloudbuster Reich was able to clear the air and make the sky blue again. It was under these peculiar conditions that the ‘Spacegun’ came into existence, and the war with Ea began.
“I made actual contact by way of the Cloudbuster with luminous objects in the sky on May 12, 1954…During this hour men on earth saw for the first time in the history of man and his science two “Stars” to the west fade out several times when cosmic energy was drawn from them.” “Easy contact was made on that fateful day with what obviously turned out to be a heretofore unknown type of UFO. I had hesitated for weeks to turn my Cloudbuster pipes toward a “star”, as if I had known that some of the blinking lights hanging in the sky were not planets or fixed stars but SPACE machines. With the fading out of the two “stars”, the cloudbuster had suddenly changed into a SPACEGUN…what had been left of the old world of human knowledge after the discovery of the OR energy 1936-40 tumbled beyond reprieve. Nothing could any longer be considered ‘impossible’. I had directed drawpipes, connected with the deep well toward an ordinary star, and the star had faded out four times.”
Reich had first hesitated on using the spacegun on the Ea, considering the possibility of them being some kind of American craft, but the situation became so intolerable with the noxious OR influence, that he finally decided to. He found the power of the Oranur Spacegun tremendous due to the sensitivity of the OR energy ocean. The energy equilibrium of Ea could be disturbed or even put out of order by withdrawing energy from it directly. The affected Ea seemed at first to struggle, pulsating erratically, then shrink and even fade out completely. But the space visitors seemed to be retaliating by increasing the DOR pollution in the vicinity.
“There was no doubt left as to the purposefulness of the activities of Ea: Energy was being drawn from the planet, with the consequences known now, 1956, far and wide as ‘DOR-emergency’; decay of vegetation, the crumbling of granite rock, a feverish atmosphere. OR energy laws, mostly unknown to us earthmen, were used technically in the Ea operations.”
A detailed report on the Ea problem was forwarded to the American Air Force who appeared to be ‘burningly interested’ in the subject, but not particularly surprised.
To further test the correlations between Ea and the desert forming DOR, Reich and the Cloudbuster crew made their preparations to go to the fully developed desert, and the OROP Desert Expedition was underway.
SURVEY ON Ea. A simple chart Reich made to differentiate between stars and UFOs hovering high in the sky. Certain facts about the appearance of the UFOs such as their noiselessness, their shimmering lights, sometimes bluish in appearance, rotating discs underlying their motion, fell into place with some of the facts Reich knew well from cosmic OR functioning:
- The ‘CORE MEN’ (CORE = COSMIC ORGONE ENGINEERS), as he came to call them, apparently were thoroughly conversant with the laws of functioning in the cosmic OR energy ocean.
2. They used cosmic OR energy in propelling their machines.
3. Their ‘blue lights’ were in agreement with the blue color characteristic of all visible OR functions, sky, protoplasm, Aurora, sunspots, the color of OR lumination in vacor tubes, etc.
4. The CORE MEN were obviously riding their space ships on the main OR energy streams in the Universe.
5. Just as space is not empty, light does not ‘come down to us from the stars and the sun’. It is an effect of lumination in the OR energy envelope of the planets. It is a local phenomenon.Therefore, there is theoretically no limit to speed in cosmic space, and the Ea were able to achieve tremendous speeds.DEADLY ORGONE RADIATION Driving across country to Arizona where the expedition would make its base, Reich closely observed the atmospheric conditions. DOR tended to concentrate over cities and became more pronounced as they entered the desert regions. Here it was observed to sink down into the valleys and hover low over the landscape like a ceiling. The tops of distant mountain ridges were seen to project clearly above the DOR shell, like islands above the ocean, and on these peaks the primal vegetation was still alive; while the lower vegetation, covered by the low-lying DOR blanket, died off, leaving only desert in the valleys – especially in the areas near atomic testing sites.Reich described the mountain ranges as being “eaten out”, gnawed at by DOR as if a monster were feeding on the rock itself. The DOR functions were characterized by “a silent, invisible and inaudible gnawing away and insidious consumption of the life force of a host or organism.”
“The process of disintegration of trees and whole forests is due to progressive DOR prevalence in the atmosphere. A slight DOR prevalence causes dryness, dryness in turn increases DOR. Thus, in a vicious circle, the water-hunger grows together with diminishing precipitation. The process is slow and not easily discernible. Not much is known about its secret attrition of life.”“It has great significance for the mastery of our future, that DOR surplus causes deserts in the landscape as it does in the organism. Desert souls will enhance desert development; and desert development will increase DOR or staleness in human emotions.”DOR is hungry for nourishment, for water, for oxygen. As the DOR increases it vampirizes its host, in this case the abundant life energy indigenous to the planet.Reich observes that “the pestilential character shows the same type of behavior. He saps juicy, emotionally rich people, deprives them of their strength, akin to the behavior of a tapeworm, within the host victim. The pestilential character thrives on the energy loss in the victim, but in the end he perishes with the host. From here to sociological conclusions regarding the secret dynamics of political dictatorship is only a logical step: from here, too, a bridge can be built toward understanding the connection between desert development on our planet and visitors from outer space. These visitors are using fresh cosmic energy for their locomotion and pour the slag, DOR, into our atmosphere. Whether this is being done on purpose or by accident does not matter as far as the effects upon life are concerned.”
Reich foresaw the complete destruction of life upon mother earth looming on the horizon, unless DOR energy could be reverted again into OR or Life Energy.OROP DESERT Ea (1954-55)“Life holds only a narrow wedge as its own domain in the infinite vastness of cosmic energy.”The desert around Tucson Arizona was chosen for Operation OROP, one of the hottest and oldest deserts (25,000 years) of the U.S. There was no primary vegetation growing; there had been no rain for five years. By October, 1954, the base was operating.It was not the primary objective of the expedition to “make rain over rainless desert”. Reich had no ambition to impress anyone with rain making. Rather he wanted to find the borderline where their artificial efforts at a new atmospheric technology could end “and be replaced by the self-regulatory, self-sustaining laws that governed the behavior of cloud formation, rain cycles, cosmic energy metabolism in the atmosphere, etc, as they do in the living organism.”He had observed that the living organism apparently metabolizes freshly taken in OR energy into DOR, which is expelled in the form of CO2, urine, feces and sweat. In the healthy organism the energy equilibrium between the charge and the discharge was easily maintained, however, during sickness more OR seemed to change into DOR. Thus, Reich concluded, a prevalence of DOR would be a basic feature of all disease.Subjectively Reich and his co-workers experienced the DOR atmosphere in the desert as oppressive and irritating, with the blinding heat seeming to draw the juice and life energies out of their bodies.
“Thus, having seen and felt the desert, Expedition OROP proceeded to begin Cloudbuster operations, in order to find out whether such a climate could be changed.”
“With Cloudbusting operations, much DOR was removed and fresh Orgone Energy was brought in from the Southwest (along the Galactic Orgone Stream). The immediate result was a freshening of the atmosphere and environment: gone was the parching dryness and gone was the blinding whiteness of the sky. Rainmaking was not the goal; in fact, noticeable results occurred prior to any rain falling on the dry, sandy desert floor. By November, the barren desert north of Tucson began to turn green with a fine growth of new grass! In December, the greening of the desert had spread to cover an area 40 to 80 miles from Tucson with new grass up to one foot high! This happened without any rain falling, due solely to the fresh atmospheric Life Energy and attendant moisture from the Pacific Ocean, 250-400 miles to the Southwest.”(1)The arrival of denatured Radium (ORUR), from the Oranur experiment at Rangeley dramatically increased the effectiveness of the cloudbusting operations. “While the clearing of the atmosphere had previously been done by drawing off the DOR clouds into a lake, now, within a few seconds, using ORUR material, the sky cleared and became blue…The change in the atmosphere was immediately felt by all observers. Even dirty steel-gray, DOR-affected rain clouds seemed to fill up and become white in a brilliant, formerly dull, stale atmosphere.”However, Ea were also observing the operations. Whenever the familiar pulsating craft were seen in the sky, the rain clouds disappeared and severe DOR infested the atmosphere, making conditions extremely unpleasant for the crew. If the Spacegun was not used, the atmosphere became unbearable. One operator at a Spacegun was paralyzed by DOR while drawing from an Ea. Reich wrote: “There was no escape from the fact that we were at war with a power unknown to man on earth.”
But the ORUR was found to be extremely effective in combatting the Ea menace. “One could now reach far into space with ORUR: the range was limitless theoretically, since the OR energy ocean is endless and most sensitive to stimuli as demonstrated by the processes of dawn, dusk, and our actual operations over vast stretches of space.”
Another DOR-creating problem was atomic testing within the desert region. Reich was later to consider the possibility of immunizing the atmosphere against atomic explosions, much as living systems are immunized against infection. By creating a highly ‘orurized’ atmosphere, he reasoned, the DOR energy from atomic blasts or from Ea could be siphoned off. It was noticed that during the ORUR operations, there were ‘coincidentally’ many publicly announced postponements of atomic tests.
It became apparent to Reich that although there was moisture in the atmosphere, the lack of actual rainfall around Tucson was due to a DOR barrier somewhere west of the experimental site in Arizona, preventing the clouds and moisture flowing in from the Pacific. The barrier was found to exist on the Sierra mountain divide, where a concentration of DOR was breaking up and dissolving the rain clouds coming in from the west.
By March 1955, continuous DOR removal operations were set up just to the west of the divide. Within two weeks the barrier was breaking up with a black precipitate form of DOR (“Melanor”) falling to the ground and turning the white sand dark. By the end of March rain began to occur in the desert. The breaking of the DOR barrier had accomplished the full breakthrough of fresh OR energy into the desert basin.
The expedition was successful. The atmosphere had undergone a radical change, breaking a five year drought and turning completely barren desert land into green pasture again after thousands of years.
It proved conclusively to Reich that desert development was clearly and doubtlessly reversible, that through a new kind of orgone technology, humanity could convert life-destroying energy back into life-sustaining energy.
Winding up his affairs, Reich left the desert in April 1955. It was to be his last major operation. Within two years he was to die in prison, destroyed by a system that could not tolerate the free expression of live-giving energy. But the Enigma remains…
REFERENCES(1) ‘The New Age’ by Klark Kent, The Journal of Borderland Research, May-June 1987.
CONTACT WITH SPACE by Wilhelm Reich, Core Pilot Press, New York, N.Y. 1957. THE WILHELM REICH MUSEUM, PO Box 687, Rangeley ME 04970.
FURY ON EARTH by Myron Sharaf, St. Martin’s Press, New York. 1983.
This article first appeared in Borderlands Magazine (1988, Vol. 44, No. 5, September – October), and is reprinted courtesy of the author. © Alison Davidson and the permission of Borderlands Research.-
02 A COURT CASE (1954-1957)
02 A Court Case (1954-1957)
01 Wilhelm Reich et al vs. U.S.A. Vol. 1 1954-1957
McF 405 A Court Case I. 1954-1957
Interval 2-1 Pag. 1-32
02 Wilhelm Reich The Red Thread of a Conspiracy 1955
McF 405 A Court Case I. 1954-1957
Interval 2-22 Pag. 1-32
03 Appendix Biographical History of the Discovery of the Life Energy 1942-1954
McF 405 A Court Case I. 1954-1957
Interval 22-33 Pag. 33-54
04 Wilhelm Reich Atoms for Peace vs. the Hig1956
McF 405 A Court Case I. 1954-1957
Interval 34-44 Pag. 1-15
05 Documentary Appendix 1954-1956
McF 405 A Court Case I. 1954-1957
Interval 45-55 Pag. 17-36
06 Wilhelm Reich et al vs. U.S.A. Vol. 2 1954-1957
McF 406 A Court Case II 1954-1957
Interval 1-1 Pag. 1.1
07 Record Appendix to Briefs for Appellants 1956
McF 406 A Court Case II 1954-1957
Interval 2-133 Pag. I-VIII and 1-254
08 Wilhelm Reich et al vs. U.S.A. Vol. 3 1954-1957
McF 407 A Court Case III 1954-1957
Interval 1-7 Pag. I-VIII
09 Suppressed Documentary Evidence 1956
McF 407 A Court Case III 1954-1957
Interval 7-114 Pag. 1-183
10 Wilhelm Reich et al vs. U.S.A. Vol. 4 1954-1957
McF 501 A Court Case IV 1954-1957
Interval 1-3 Pag. I-III
11 Records Docketed by Clerk of Trial Court 1954-1956
McF 501 A Court Case IV 1954-1957
Interval 4-91 Pag. 374-544
12 Wilhelm Reich et al vs. U.S.A. Vol. 5 1954-1957
McF 502 A Court Case V 1954-1957
Interval 1-2 Pag. I-II
13 Wilhelm Reich. Contact With Space. Oranur Second Report (1951-1956) Orop Desert (1954-1955)
McF 502 A Court Case V 1954-1957
Interval 3-148 Pag. I-XXIII and 1-265
14.1 Wilhelm Reich. Contact With Space Oranur Second Report 1951-1956
14.2 Wilhelm Reich. Contact With Space Oranur Second Report 1951-1956
McF 503 A Court Case VI 1954-1957
Interval 1-148 Pag. I-XXIII and 1-265
15 Brief for Wilhelm Reich Appellant 1956
McF 504 A Court Case VII 1954-1957
Interval 1-3 Pag. I-III
McF 504 A Court Case VII 1954-1957
Interval 4-29 Pag. 1-51
McF 504 A Court Case VII 1954-1957
Interval 30-51 Pag. 1r-43r
18 Brief for Michael Silvert, appellant, Orgonomic Physician 1956
McF 505 A Court Case VIII 1954-1957
Interval 1-3 Pag. I-III
19 The Nature of Assault upon Orgonomy 1954-1956
McF 505 A Court Case VIII 1954-1957
Interval 4-31 Pag. 1-55
20 Wilhelm Reich Foundation vs. U.S.A. 1954-1957
McF 506 A Court Case IX 1954-1957
Interval 1-3 Pag. I-II
21 Brief for Appellant, The Wilhelm Reich Foundation 1956
McF 506 A Court Case IX 1954-1957
Interval 3-9 Pag. 1-12
22 Wilhelm Reich vs. U.S.A. 1954-1957
McF 507 A Court Case X 1954-1957
Interval 1-3 Pag. I-II
23 Reply Brief for Wilhelm Reich M.D. 1956
McF 507 A Court Case X 1954-1957
Interval 3-12 Pag. 1-19
McF 507 A Court Case X 1954-1957
Interval 13-29 Pag. 1a-33a
25 Wilhelm Reich Foundation vs. U.S.A. 1954-1957
McF 508 A Court Case XI 1954-1957
Interval 1-3 Pag. I-III
26 Reply Brief for the Wilhelm Reich Foundation 1956
McF 508 A Court Case XI 1954-1957
Interval 4-7 Pag. 1-6
27 Petition for a writ of Certiorari 1957
McF 509 A Court Case XII 1954-1957
Interval 1-6 Pag. I-IX
28 Petition to the United States Court of Appeals 1957
McF 509 A Court Case XII 1954-1957
Interval 7-37 Pag. 1-61
Petition for a writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit,
Supreme Court of the United States, October Term 1956 Number 688
«Wilhelm Reich, the Wilhelm Reich Foundation and Michael Silvert Petitioners vs. United States of America,
Washington Jan. 10, 1957 (denied 2/25/1957)
McF 509 A Court Case XII 1954-1957
Interval 38-52 Pag. 1a-29a
30 Supreme Court of the United States No 688 October Term 1956
McF 510 A Court Case XIII 1954-1957
Interval 1-2 Pag. Pag. I-II
31 Brief for the United States in Opposition
McF 510 A Court Case XIII 1954-1957
Interval 3-6 Pag. 1-7
32 Wilhelm Reich vs. U.S.A. 1954-1957
McF 511 A Court Case XIV 1954-1957
Interval 1-2 Pag. I-II
33 Petitioners Reply Brief – Feb. 18, 1957
McF 511 A Court Case XIV 1954-1957
Interval 3-8 Pag. 1-11
McF 511 A Court Case XIV 1954-1957
Interval 9-13 Pag. 1a-9a
LAST WILL & TESTAMENT OF WILHELM REICH
— From: Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust– Testament
I, WILHELM REICH, residing at Orgonon, Rangeley, Maine hereby make, publish and declare this as My Last Will and Testament:
- No personal revenge nor disregard for the many kindnesses I enjoyed during my lifetime determine my decisions in this Will. Being in full possession of my judgment of people and social matters and being clear of mind, I made the consideration of secure transmission to future generations of a vast empire of scientific accomplishment the guide in my last dispositions. To my mind the foremost task to be fulfilled was to safeguard the truth about my life and work against distortion and slander after my death.
- I hereby revoke all prior Wills by me at any time made.
- I direct that all my just debts and funeral expenses be paid with the exception of the specific requests hereinafter made; I hereby give, devise and bequeath all the rest, residue and remainder of my estate, both real and personal, of every nature and kind whatsoever and wheresoever situated, of which I may die seized and possessed or to which I shall then be entitled, to my Trustee hereinafter named, and to such successor trustees as may be appointed to administer the same, to have and to hold the said property and to manage, sell, invest the same and to collect the interest, income, dividends and proceeds arising from the said property for the uses and purposes herein set forth:
- The Trust shall be held and administered hereunder under the name of the Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust Fund.
- The administrative expenses of the said Trust shall never exceed 20% of the total income.
- To operate and maintain the property at Orgonon under the name and style of the Wilhelm Reich Museum.
During the years following 1949 my life was running its course within and around the walls of the Orgone Energy Observatory. I supervised the building myself for two summers; I paid out upwards of $35,000 from my privately earned possessions for the construction. I have collected all of the pertinent materials such as instruments which served the Discovery of the Life Energy, the documents which were witnesses to labors of some 30 years and the library of a few thousand volumes, collected painstakingly over the same stretch of time and amply used in my researches and writings, the paintings, some 25 of them, small items which I loved and cherished during my lifetime such as the carved African stick given me by Malinowski, the Sigmund Freud picture, a few inexpensive but meaningful vases, the «Rock Woman» by Jo Jenks, the «Zaenn’t Weh’ Bauer» carved 12,000 feet above sea level on some mountain refuge in Austria — all of these things and similar things should remain where they are now in order to preserve some of the atmosphere in which the Discovery of the Life Energy has taken place over the decades.
The grounds should be kept neat and clean and repairs should not be neglected. The costs of maintenance, repairs, services and salaries should be paid from this trust.
- In order to enable the future student of the PRIMORDIAL COSMIC ENERGY OCEAN, THE LIFE ENERGY discovered and developed by me, to obtain a true picture of my accomplishments, mistakes, wrong assumptions, pioneering basic trends, my private life, my childhood, etc., I hereby direct that under no circumstances and under no pretext whatsoever shall any of the documents, manuscripts or diaries, found in my library among the archives or anywhere else be altered, omitted, destroyed, added to or falsified in any other imaginable way. The tendency of man, born from fear, to «get along with his fellow man» at any price, and to hide unpleasant matters is overpoweringly strong. To guard against this trend, disastrous to historical truth, my study including the library and archives, shall be sealed right after my death by the proper legal authorities and no one shall be permitted to look into my papers until my Trustee, hereinafter named, is duly appointed and qualified and takes control and custody thereof.
These documents are of crucial importance to the future of newborn generations. There are many emotionally sick people who will try to damage my reputation regardless of what happens to infants, if only their personal lives would remain hidden in the darkness of a forsaken age of the Stalins and Hitlers.
- I therefore direct my Trustee and his successors that nothing whatsoever must be changed in any of the documents and that they should be put away and stored for 50 years to secure their safety from destruction and falsification by anyone interested in the falsification and destruction of historical truth.
- These directives are established by me solely for the preservation of documented truth as I lived it during my lifetime.
- I have throughout all of my lifetime loved infants and children and adolescents, and I also was always loved and understood by them. Infants used to smile at me because I had deep contact with them and children of two or three very often used to become thoughtful and serious when they looked at me. This was one of the great happy privileges of my life, and I want to express in some manner my thanks for that love bestowed upon me by my little friends. May Fate and the great Ocean of Living Energy, from whence they came and into which they must return sooner or later, bless them with happiness and contentment and freedom during their life times. I hope to have contributed my good share to their future happiness.
To this end the Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust Fund should be mainly devoted and safely directed.
- I bequeath the cabin below the road opposite the Student’s Laboratory at Orgonon to my daughter Dr. Eva Reich.
- The 80% of all income, profits or proceeds due me and the Trust from royalties and tools originating in my discoveries shall be devoted to the care of infants everywhere, towards legal security of infants, children and adolescents in emotional, social, parental, medical, legal, educational, professional or other distress. Part of the proceeds may be used for basic orgonomic research.
- Should the Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust Fund fail of purpose, then my Trustee after careful deliberation of the matter shall transfer all of the assets of the said Trust Fund to an appropriate agency designed and capable to handle such affairs.
- My son Peter will need financial support for many years in his education to adult social activity. I therefore direct that:
- All Treasury Bonds of the United States of America, bought and made out in Peter’s name, should not be used before the bonds fully mature.b.I hereby specifically give, devise and bequeath certain bonds made out in my name, my son Peter Reich as receiver after my death, to Ilse Ollendorff in trust nevertheless, or in the event of her death to Eva Reich in trust nevertheless, to have and to hold the same and receive the income and profits thereof and pay out to Peter the income, proceeds and principal thereof at the rate of $150. per month.
- I hereby give, devise and bequeath to Peter any two of my rifles which he may choose, and together with those rifles such accessories as cartridge belt and cleaning material as he desires; my photographic equipment; such of my clothes as he may choose. For his life and until he decides not to use it personally, prior to his death, possession of the so-called «lower-cabin» at Orgonon with its furniture, together with surrounding acreage of about 10 acres, more or less, subject to a license in Eva Reich to use the cabin if she wishes; upon the death of Peter or upon his deciding not to use it personally, or upon his having not used it personally for a period of three years, the lower cabin shall revert to the Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust Fund for use by the Fund as a summer home for children; under no circumstances shall such summer home be in the possession, custody or control of any person other than Peter, or Eva Reich, if she likes, as hereinbefore set forth.
- I hereby give, devise and bequeath to my daughter Eva $10,000, any of my personal furniture she may desire to possess.
- I hereby give, devise and bequeath to Aurora Karrer $4,000 and my Chrysler 300, 1955 automobile.
- I hereby give, devise and bequeath to my daughter Eva and my son Peter, share and share alike each 10% of all royalties which may be due at the time of my death or thereafter, which such royalties mean income from my discoveries, books or translations of books.
- I hereby nominate, constitute and appoint Eva Reich M. D. as the Trustee of this My Last Will and Testament and as my Trustee direct that he or she shall be required to file no bond as such Executor or Trustee, any law to the contrary notwithstanding;’ and I further direct that in the execution of the Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust Fund, my said Trustee by an instrument in writing may appoint a successor, in the event my Trustee resigns or becomes incapacitated, or by a testamentary instrument may appoint a successor upon his death, which said successor and all of my trustees shall thereafter successively have the same power; it being my sole direction in this regard that such successor trustees shall make appointments consistent with my expressed purposes.
- I harbor no ill will against my relatives. Most of them I have not met for many decades. Since I know of no relative of mine who would be able to serve the main purposes of this will, namely the Safeguarding of the Full Truth about my Life and Work, I disinherit for all future and in every respect ALL my relatives by blood and by marriage (both legal and common) on both my father’s and my mother’s line. They should have no claim whatsoever, no matter who, in what form or under whatever pretext to any of my present or future possessions, or to the possessions of the Wilhelm Reich Foundation which carries my name and was founded to preserve my discoveries; no claim on any ground and at no time whatever. This includes my own children with the exceptions mentioned above.
- This Will and all of the provisions herein shall not be wholly or partially revoked or rendered or rendered wholly or partially ineffective or otherwise affected by the subsequent birth of a child or children to me.
- I do not wish to be buried in any cemetery, but on Orgonon under the open porch, facing East, or at Rock Cove in the South. My Jo Jenks bust should be put on top of my grave. The inscription should be on granite and should contain the following words: Wilhelm Reich, born March 24, 1897, died___________, ________, No religious ceremonies should be performed. The «Ave Maria» of Schubert, sung by Marian Anderson, should be played.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF I have hereunto set hand and seal this 8th day of March, 1957.
Wilhelm Reich (L.S.)
Witnesses:
William Moise
Michael Silvert
William Steig
Signed, Sealed, PUBLISHED AND DECLARED by the above named Testator as his Last Will and Testament, and we, at his request and in his presence and in the presence of each other, have hereunto signed our names as subscribing witnesses this ____ day of March, 1957.
William Moise, residing at, R. F. D. 1 Box 721 Alexandria, Va.
Michael Silvert, residing at, 50 Grove St., N. Y. 14, N. Y.
William Steig, residing at, R. D. 2., Cream Ridge, N. J.
PART 6
News & Events Posthumous Wilhelm Reich
PUBLISHED POSTHUMOUS WILHELM REICH
From: Wilhelm Reich Collected Works Microfilms.
Bibliographic material present in the microfilms (Wilhelm Reich Collected Works Microfilms) in PDF form, made available by Eva Reich.
McF 522 Present handouts at the Orgone Energy Museum, Rangeley, Maine 1973
AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL WRITINGSPOSTHUMOUS WILHELM REICH
— From: Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust
Reich’s autobiographical writings in four volumes:
Mary Boyd Higgins and Chester M. Raphael (eds.), Passion of Youth: An Autobiography, 1897–1922. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1988
Mary Boyd Higgins (ed.), Beyond Psychology: Letters and Journals 1934–1939, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1994
Mary Boyd Higgins (ed.), American Odyssey: Letters and Journals 1940–1947, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1999
Mary Boyd Higgins (ed.), Where’s the Truth?: Letters and Journals, 1948–1957, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012
Bookstore Special: All four of Reich’s autobiographical volumes, Passion of Youth, Beyond Psychology, American Odyssey, and Where’s the Truth/, are available as a set for discounted price.
An Autobiography, 1897–1922
Published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux – 1988
«I was born in a small village as the first child of not unprosperous parents. My father was a farmer who, together with an uncle of my mother’s, had leased a fairly large landed estate in northern Bukovina, the farthest outpost of German culture. From the beginning, my mother tongue was German, as was my schooling.»
Wilhelm Reich, M.D.
(opening paragraph of Passion of Youth)
Passion of Youth is the first posthumous publication of Wilhelm Reich’s biographical writings, and reveals that Reich’s childhood, adolescence and early adulthood–no less than his work–were provocative and instructive. This 178-page volume is comprised of three sections: «Childhood and Puberty: 1897–1914,» «The Great War: 1914–1918,» and «Vienna: 1918–1922.»
In «Childhood and Puberty»–a reminiscence which Reich composed in 1919–Reich tells of his earliest years spent on a country estate in Bukovina. He describes his first conscious experiences of sexuality; the further development of his sexuality; his schooling; and the catastrophic infidelity that led first to his mother’s suicide in 1910, and then to his father’s death in 1914.
In «The Great War» Reich describes how he fled Bukovina at the outbreak of World War One and enlisted in the Austro-Hungarian Army, where he became a battalion commander and lieutenant. He recounts how his four years in the military impressed upon him the masses’ numb obedience to authority and the automatic quality of a ceaselessly operating «war machine.»
And in «Vienna: 1918–1922» Reich recalls his years as a medical student at the University of Vienna, from which he graduated in 1922. His diaries from these years record the growth of his conviction that sexuality is the core around which one’s social life and inner life revolves; his first political stirrings; and his analysis of the woman who would become his first wife.
Throughout this book, Reich’s reminiscences and diaries abound in turbulent emotions and the passion of youth.
Leidenschaft der Jugend(German Manuscripts)
Passion of Youth
Letters and Journals 1934 – 1939
Published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux – 1994
«Reich was a prolific writer. Throughout his adult life, he scrupulously recorded his observations, findings, and thoughts in diaries and workbooks, in personal and professional correspondence, as well as in published manuscripts. My task has been to choose from these diverse materials in a way that reveals within the confines of a limited number of pages the scope and diversity of Reich’s story. I do not know if I have succeeded in this effort, but I have honestly tried. There have many times when I felt overwhelmed. Reich’s life was neither neat nor smooth, nor did it always conform to the social mores of his time. It was passionate and bold, full of controversy and conflict, always in motion, and, in its unwavering search for the simplest truths about life itself, extraordinarily complex.»
Mary Boyd Higgins,
The Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust
(from Editor’s Note)
In August 1934, without warning or explanation, Wilhelm Reich was expelled from the International Psychoanalytic Association (IPA). Political expediency and the organization’s growing adherence to Freud’s death instinct theory had prevailed over Reich’s scientific efforts to understand the functioning of what Freud had termed «libido.»
The provocative originality of Reich’s work in the years to follow would inevitably distance him from Freudian psychology. But the result was an extraordinary widening of his scientific interests, scrupulously documented in these journals and letters. They record his pioneering laboratory experiments to verify the reality of the pleasure function and his discovery of an unknown energy that exists in all living matter. They record, too, the anguish of a man unafraid to speak his truth in the face of attack and defamation, even though it cost him his profession, his homeland and his adopted country, his wife, his two children, and his lover.
In her Introduction to Beyond Psychology, the book’s editor, Mary Boyd Higgins of The Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust, considers key events and themes of Reich’s life and work leading up to 1934.
Jenseits der Psychologie (German Manuscripts)
Beyond Psychology
Letters and Journals 1940 -1947
Published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux – 1999
«Created from Reich’s journals and correspondence, this book is a direct continuation of Beyond Psychology. Its narrative begins in January 1940. Reich has been living in the United States for four months, teaching at the New School for Social Research in New York City, re-establishing his laboratory and cancer research, becoming acquainted again with his daughters, Eva and Lore, and involved in a new personal relationship with a German-born woman, Ilse Ollendorff.”
Mary Boyd Higgins,
The Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust
(Editor’s Note)
American Odyssey, compiled from Wilhelm Reich’s correspondence and his personal and work journals, chronicles his first years in America. They were years of prodigious accomplishment in which he developed the orgone energy accumulator–the so-called «orgone box»–published his first books in English, made breakthroughs in his persistent investigation of orgone energy in social pathology, cancer, physics, and astronomy, and interested none other than Albert Einstein in testing his theories. America also brought a new marriage, a son, a new group of students, and a new laboratory.
But these were years of fierce struggle as well: the denial of a complimentary American medical license, the refusal of a patent on the orgone energy accumulator, and finally a slanderous article that would incite the Food and Drug Administration to its dogged attack on Reich that would continue until his death in prison year later.
American Odyssey describes more than a period in the life of an embattled scientist: it illuminates the social and intellectual life of a country during a tumultuous time in history
Letters and Journals, 1948-1957
Published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux – 2012
«In the beginning of one’s task, one is enthusiastic about helping mankind. At the end of the same task, one is worn out and has lost most or all of the enthusiasm. Humanity, for whose benefit one believed to fight, has put too many dangerous obstacles in one’s path. One had to risk breaking one’s neck in overcoming these obstacles. Disillusionment has overcome the searcher and helper. Humanity itself, through its pestilent sergeants, has obstructed its own benefits. Therefore, the inventor or searcher acquires that definite expression of suffering and sorrow in his face (Beethoven, Galileo, Freud) which indicates that the enthusiasm to help has been replaced by ardent adherence to truth beyond any immediate practical interests. »
Wilhelm Reich, M.D.
(opening of Where’s the Truth?)
Where’s the Truth? is the fourth and final volume of Wilhelm Reich’s autobiographical writings, an account of the last years of his life and scientific career drawn from his diaries, letters and laboratory notebooks. These writings reveal the details of the outrider scientist’s life—his joys and sorrows, his hopes and insecurities—and chronicle his experiments with what he called “orgone energy”.
A student of Freud’s and a prominent research physician in the early psychoanalytic movement in Vienna and Berlin, Reich emigrated from Oslo to America in 1939 in flight from Naziism, arriving in New York four days before the outbreak of World War Two. In New York, and later in Maine and Arizona, he pursued his research about orgone energy functions in the living organism and in the atmosphere.
Where’s the Truth? begins in January 1948, shortly after Reich became a target of the Federal Food and Drug Administration. Starting in December 1939, he’d already faced persecution by the U.S. government, having been mistaken by the State Department and FBI for both a Communist and a Nazi.
Starting in 1947, Reich was hounded by the FDA which, in 1954, obtained an injunction by default against him that enabled it to burn six tons of his published books and research journals, and to ban the use of one of his most important experimental research tools: the orgone energy accumulator.
Challenging the right of a court to judge basic scientific research, Reich was imprisoned in March 1957 and died in the U.S. Penitentiary in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania eight months later.
The text gathered in this volume shows Reich’s steadfast determination to protect his work. «Where’s the truth?» he asked a lawyer. And that question animates this volume and rounds out our understanding of a unique, irrepressible modern figure.
WILHELM REICH ORGONOMIC FUNCTIONALISM POSTHUMOUS
— From: Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust – Orgonomic Functionalism
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol I. I (Spring 1990)
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol II. II (Fall 1990)
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol III. III (Summer 1991)
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol IV. IV (Summer 1992)
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol V. V (Summer 1994)
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol VI. VI (Summer 1996)
WILHELM REICH ORGONOMIC FUNCTIONALISM DIVIDED BY ARTICLES
01 Wilhelm Reich The Developmental History of Orgonomic Functionalism A 1946
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol I. I
Interval 6-20 Pag. 1-29
02 Wilhelm Reich The Biological Revolution from Homo Normalis to the Child of the Future 1950
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol I. I
Interval 21-43 Pag. 30-74
03 Wilhelm Reich A Note on Sympathetic Understanding.
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol I. I
Interval 43-47 Pag. 75-82
04 Wilhelm Reich The Silente Observer A 1952
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol I. I
Interval 47-55 Pag. 83-99
05 Wilhelm Reich Functional Thinking 1950
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol I. I
Interval 56-62 Pag. 100-112
06 Wilhelm Reich The Developmental History of Orgonomic Functionalism B 1946
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol II. II
Interval 4-15 Pag. 1-23
07 Wilhelm Reich The Silente Observer B 1952
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol II. II
Interval 16-20 Pag. 24-33
08 Wilhelm Reich Wrong Thinking Kills 1936
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol II. II
Interval 21-25 Pag. 34-43
09 Wilhelm Reich On Using The Atomic Bomb 1945
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol II. II
Interval 26-28 Pag. 44-49
10 Wilhelm Reich Mans Roots In Nature 1950
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol II. II
Interval 29-41 Pag. 50-74
11 Wilhelm Reich The Developmental History of Orgonomic Functionalism C 1947
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol III. III
Interval 4-13 Pag. 1-19
12 Wilhelm Reich Orgonotic Pulsation 1944 A
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol III. III
Interval 14-35 Pag. 20-63
13 Wilhelm Reich The Evasiveness of Homo Normalis 1947
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol III. III
Interval 36-49 Pag. 64-91
14 Wilhelm Reich The Developmental History of Orgonomic Functionalism D 1947
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol IV. IV
Interval 4-13 Pag. 1-18
15 Wilhelm Reich Orgonotic Pulsation 1944 B
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol IV. IV
Interval 13-24 Pag. 19-40
16 Wilhelm Reich Orgone Functions in Weather Formation 1946
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol IV. IV
Interval 24-29 Pag. 41-51
17 Wilhelm Reich The Attitude of Mechanistic Natural Science to the Life Problem 1941
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol IV. IV
Interval 30-35 Pag. 52-63
18 Wilhelm Reich Orgonomic Functionalism in Non-Living Nature A 1947
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol V. V
Interval 4-13 Pag. 1-19
19 Wilhelm Reich Orgonotic Pulsation 1944 C
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol V. V
Interval 14-26 Pag. 20-44
20 Wilhelm Reich Parents as Educators 1926
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol V. V
Interval 26-37 Pag. 45-66
21 Wilhelm Reich Open Season on Truth 1942
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol V. V
Interval 37-48 Pag. 67-88
22 Wilhelm Reich The Fundamental Problem of Form 1935
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol V. V
Interval 48-48 Pag. 89-89
23 Wilhelm Reich Orgonomic Functionalism in Non-Living Nature B 1947
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol VI. VI
Interval 4-14 Pag. 1-21
24 Wilhelm Reich Orgonotic Pulsation D 1944
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol VI. VI
Interval 15-21 Pag. 22-35
25 Wilhelm Reich Desert Development and Emotional Dedness 1953
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol VI. VI
Interval 22-29 Pag. 36-50
26 Wilhelm Reich Process Of Integration in the Newborn and the Schizophrenic 1950
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol VI. VI
Interval 29-39 Pag. 51-71
27 Wilhelm Reich The Meaning of Disposition to Disease 1944
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol VI. VI
Interval 40-41 Pag. 72-75
28 Wilhelm Reich The Difficulty 1948
Wilhelm Reich-Orgonomic Functionalism – Vol VI. VI
Interval 42-42 Pag. 76-76
EINSTEIN EXPERIMENTS
Reich, Wilhelm (ed.) (1953). The Einstein Affair, Orgone Institute Press.
Brian, Denis (1996). Einstein: A Life, John Wiley & Sons, pp. 326–327.
Clark, Ronald W. (1971). Einstein: The Life and Times, Avon, pp. 689–690.
Correa, Paul N.; Correa, Alexandra N. (October 2010). «The Reproducible Thermal Anomaly of the Reich-Einstein Experiment under Limit Conditions,» Journal of Aetherometric Research, 2(6), pp. 25–31.
BOOKS POSTHUMOUS WILHELM REICH
Reich, Wilhelm. Selected Writings: An Introduction to Orgonomy, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1960
Reich, Wilhelm (1967). Reich Speaks of Freud. Souvenir Press.
Reich, Wilhelm. Sexpol. Essays 1929–1934, Random House, 1972
Reich, Wilhelm. The Sexual Struggle of Youth, Socialist Reproduction, 1972 (Der Sexuelle Kampf der Jugend)
Reich, Wilhelm. Early Writings: Volume One, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1975
Reich, Wilhelm. Genitality in the Theory and Therapy of Neurosis, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1980
Reich, Wilhelm. Record of a Friendship: The Correspondence of Wilhelm Reich and A.S. Neill (1936–1957), 1981
Reich, Wilhelm. Children of the Future: On the Prevention of Sexual Pathology, 1983 (the chapter entitled «The Sexual Rights of Youth» is a revision of Der Sexuelle Kampf der Jugend)
Reich, Wilhelm. Reich, Wilhelm (1988). Leidenschaft der Jugend/Passion of Youth. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Reich, Wilhelm (1994). Beyond Psychology: Letters and Journals 1934–1939. Farrar Straus & Giroux.
BIBLIOGRAPHY ABOUT WILHELM REICH
Abrahams, Ian. Hawkwind: Sonic Assassins, SAF Publishing Ltd, 2004.
Bauer, Henry H. (2000). «Wilhelm Reich,» in Science or Pseudoscience?, University of Illinois Press.
Blumenfeld, Robert (2006). «Wilhelm Reich and Character Analysis», Tools and Techniques for Character Interpretation. Limelight Editions.
Bocian, Bernd. Fritz Perls in Berlin 1893–1933, Peter Hammer Verlag GmbH, 2010.
Brady, Mildred Edie (April 1947). «The New Cult of Sex and Anarchy», Harper’s.
Brady, Mildred Edie (26 May 1947). «The Strange Case of Wilhelm Reich», The New Republic.
Brian, Denis (1996). Einstein: A Life, John Wiley & Sons.
Bugental, James F. T., Schneider, Kirk J. and Pierson, J. Fraser (2001). The Handbook of Humanistic Psychology, Sage.
Cooper, Kim (26 September 2011). «Very Different Tonight: The Contagious Nightmares of Wilhelm Reich», Post45.
Cordon, Luis A. (2012). «Reich, Wilhelm» in Freud’s World: An Encyclopedia of His Life and Times, Greenwood, pp. 405–424.
Corrington, Robert S. (2003). Wilhelm Reich: Psychoanalyst and Radical Naturalist, Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Danto, Elizabeth Ann (2007). Freud’s Free Clinics: Psychoanalysis & Social Justice, 1918–1938, Columbia University Press, first published 2005.
DeMarco, Donald and Wiker, Benjamin D. (2004). «Wilhelm Reich», Architects of the Culture of Death, Ignatius Press.
Edwards, Paul (1977). «The Greatness of Wilhelm Reich,» The Humanist, March/April 1974, reprinted in Charles A. Garfield (ed.) (1977). Rediscovery of the Body. A Psychosomatic View of Life and Death, Dell, pp. 41–50.
Elkind, David (18 April 1971). «Wilhelm Reich — The Psychoanalyst as Revolutionary; Wilhelm Reich», The New York Times.
Encyclopædia Britannica (2012). «Wilhelm Reich».
Foucault, Michel (1978). The History of Sexuality, Volume 1, Vintage Books.
Freud, Sigmund (1928). «Letter from Freud to Lou Andreas-Salomé, May 9, 1928» in Ernest Jones (ed.), The International Psycho-Analytical Library, 89, pp. 174–175.
Greenberg, Leslie S. and Safran, Jeremy D. (1990). Emotion in Psychotherapy, Guilford Press.
Grossinger, Richard (1982). «Wilhelm Reich: From Character Analysis to Cosmic Eros», Planet Medicine: From Stone Age Shamanism to Post-industrial Healing, Taylor & Francis.
Guntrip, Harry (1961). Personality Structure and Human Interaction, Hogarth Press.
Isaacs, Kenneth S. (1999). «Searching for Science in Psychoanalysis», Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 29(3), pp. 235–252.
Karina, Lilina and Kant, Marion (2004). Hitler’s Dancers: German Modern Dance And The Third Reich, Berghahn Books.
Lehmann-Haupt, Christopher (4 January 1971). «Back Into the Old Orgone Box», The New York Times.
MacBean, James Roy (1972). «Sex and Politics: Wilhelm Reich, World Revolution, and Makavejev’s WR», Film Quarterly, 25(3), Spring, pp. 2–13.
Moy, Ron (2007). Kate Bush and Hounds of Love, Ashgate Publishing.
Murphy, James M. (4 January 2012). «The man who started the sexual revolution», The Times Literary Supplement.
Reich, Peter (1973). A Book Of Dreams, Harper & Row.
Roeckelein, Jon E. (2006). «Reich’s Orgone/Orgonomy Theory,» Elsevier’s Dictionary of Psychological Theories. Elsevier.
Rubin, Lore Reich (2003). «Wilhelm Reich and Anna Freud: His Expulsion from Psychoanalysis», Int. Forum Psychoanal, 12, pp. 109–117.
Sharaf, Myron (1994). Fury on Earth: A Biography of Wilhelm Reich, Da Capo Press; first published by St. Martin’s Press, 1983.
Sheppard, R. Z. (14 May 1973) «A family affair», Time magazine.
Sterba, Richard F. (1982). Reminiscences of a Viennese Psychoanalyst, Wayne State University Press.
Søbye, Espen (1995). Rolf Stenersen. En biografi, Forlaget Oktober (in Norwegian).
Strick, James E. (2015). Wilhelm Reich, Biologist, Harvard University Press.
Time magazine (18 November 1957). «Milestones, Nov. 18, 1957»(obituary).
Turner, Christopher (6 October 2005). «Naughty Children», London Review of Books, 27(19).
Turner, Christopher (2011). Adventures in the Orgasmatron, Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Turner, Christopher (8 July 2011). «Wilhelm Reich: the man who invented free love», The Guardian.
Turner, Christopher (23 September 2011). «Adventures in the Orgasmatron», The New York Times.
Yontef, Gary and Jacobs, Lynn (2010). «Gestalt Therapy» in Raymond J. Corsini and Danny Wedding (eds.), Current Psychotherapies, Cengage Learning.
Young-Bruehl, Elisabeth (2008). Anna Freud: A Biography, Yale University Press, first published 1988.
WILHELM REICH MUSEUM BOOKSTORE (POSTHUMOUS)
Volume One
Published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux – 1975
«Publication of Reich’s early writings at this time is not merely to provide the evidence that established him as a pioneer in psychoanalysis, but primarily to enable the serious reader to become familiar with studies which form the essential links in the evolution of his work from psychoanalysis to orgone biophysics. Confusion about the logic of this development has contributed to the skepticism that has greeted his discoveries and to the hostility which surrounded his person and led to his untimely and tragic death. This confusion may in part be attributed to the inaccessibility of these early writings. Some of them were never published; others were banned in Nazi Germany; while still others were dispersed throughout Europe in the troubled circumstances preceding World War II. Moreover, prior to his immigration to the United States in 1939, Reich had already separated himself from the psychoanalytic movement and had committed himself to the biophysical investigations which led to the discovery of orgone energy.»
Chester M. Raphael, M.D.
(from the Foreword)
This volume marked the beginning of the publication in English of Reich’s early writings. Subsequent English publications of Reich’s early writings would include The Bion Experiments on the Origin of Life in 1979, Genitality in 1980, and The Bioelectrical Investigation of Sexuality and Anxiety in 1982.
Together, these volumes trace Reich’s scientific development from his psychoanalytic study of Ibsen’s Peer Gynt–presented by Reich for his membership in the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society (1920)–to his first laboratory experiments to investigate the energy functions of sexuality and anxiety (1934), to his crucial discovery of the bions (1938), which initiated his work in orgone biophysics and led to the discovery of cosmic orgone energy.
Early Writings – Volume One includes «Libidinal Conflicts and Delusions in Ibsen’s Peer Gynt» (1920), «A Case of Pubertal Breaching of the Incest Taboo» (1920), «Coition and the Sexes» (1921), «Drive and Libido Concepts from Forel to Jung» (1922), «Concerning Specific Forms of Masturbation» (1922), «Two Narcissistic Types» (1922), «Concerning the Energy of Drives» (1923), «On Genitality: From the Standpoint of Psychoanalytic Prognosis and Therapy» (1924), «The Psychogenic Tic as a Masturbation Equivalent» (1925), «Further Remarks on the Therapeutic Significance of Genital Libido» (1925), «A Hysterical Psychosis in Statu Nascendi» (1925), and «The Impulsive Character: A Psychoanalytic Study of Ego Pathology» (1925).
Genitality in the Theory and Therapy of Neurosis
In The Theory and Therapy of Neurosis
Original Publication as Die Funktion des Orgasmus: Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag – 1927
Re-published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux – 1980
«Coming to Freud from sexology and biology, I perhaps felt the lack of a fundamental theory of the biological basis of neurosis more acutely than did my colleagues who came from internal medicine or from materialistic philosophy. Thus, although when I first encountered Freud’s teachings, his views of «actual neurosis» seemed completely unclear, I nevertheless felt it was the pivotal point from which the natural scientific study of sexual biology had to proceed.»
Wilhelm Reich, M.D.
(from the Preface – 1944)
Reich first presented the major aspects of his clinical findings on the significance of genitality in the theory and therapy of neurosis in 1927. Published in German as Die Funktion des Orgasmus, Reich dedicated the book to Freud who found it «valuable, rich in clinical material as well as in ideas.» In 1937 and again in 1944, Reich made extensive revisions for a second edition of this work in which his early thinking on the function of the orgasm was brought into line with his later biophysical discoveries.
Genitality is the first publication of Reich’s second, revised edition. Its title was changed to avoid confusion with Reich’s first American book, published in 1942, which he entitled The Function of the Orgasm.
Chapters in Genitality include: «Orgastic Potency,» «The Neurotic Conflict,» «Disturbances of the Orgasm,» «Sexual Statis: The Energy Source of Neurosis,» «Forms of Genital Impotence,» «On the Psychoanalytic Theory of Genitality,» «Sexual Stasis, Aggression, Destruction, and Sadism,» «The Social Significance of Genital Strivings.»
The Correspondence of Wilhelm Reich and A.S. Neill
Edited, with an Introduction, by Beverley R. Placzek
Published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux – 1981
«What held this friendship together for so long? The two men came from opposite ends of Europe and from vastly different social backgrounds. They were half a generation apart in age. And yet these two could talk to each other as no one else. Reich: «Please write more often, since you are one of the few to whom I can talk»; and Neill: «Forgive my grumble, but you are the only one to whom I can write.» On the face of it, it was a most unlikely friendship. Opposites are said to attract, and certainly two more different men can scarcely be imagined: Reich, the Central European, intellectual, highly educated, enormously gifted, and of driving energy, who moved, thought, and worked always in high gear; Neill, the Scot, intelligent to be sure, even wise, but no intellectual, canny, humorous patient, and pragmatic.»
Beverley R. Placzek
(from the Introduction)
Wilhelm Reich and A. S. Neill first met in Norway in 1936; they remained friends for over twenty years until Reich’s death in 1957. Though they were separated for most of those years, a steady exchange of letters, back and forth across the Atlantic, stand as a record of a friendship between two remarkable men.
Neill, Scottish schoolmaster and child psychologist, was the founder of the radical school Summerhill. Reich was an iconoclastic psychoanalyst known for his unorthodox theories on society and sexuality. Both were deeply dedicated men, with a strong belief in the redemptive powers of unconstricted, natural development. Neill held Reich to be a genius whose work was bringing humanity closer to the goal of self-understanding and freedom. Reich valued Neill’s experience as a pioneering educator and his extraordinary understanding of children.
Their letters chronicle the problem and joys of their work, their delight in the development of their children, their distress at what was happening in the world around them. The tone and content of each man’s letters are as different as the men themselves. Neill’s are filled with everyday things, his school activities, new of friends, variously humorous and pentetratingly realistic. Reich’s are almost always about his work and the growing success and acceptance of his ideas. For all their warm friendship, the two often argued, sometimes hotly. Reich frequently lectured Neill–on his slowness to righteous anger, on the threat of Communism and Fascism–and reiterated his assertion of his own indifference to public acceptance. In later years, as Neill’s left-wing sympathies kept him from visiting America and Reich’s legal battles became ever more consuming, the two began to drift apart. Yet throughout, Record of a Friendship glows with their affection and the enrichment each brought to the life of the other.
Editor Beverley R. Placzek has worked in child education and psychology, and is the translator of several works from German to English.
On the Prevention of Sexual Pathology
With a Preface by William Steig
Published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux – 1983
«Angels at birth, we become lost souls. And so it has been for ever so long, as we learn from reading the ancients. How does this happen? Why do we humans, in many ways the most intelligent of all animals, fail to realize what every dog, or whale, or mouse spontaneously knows–that he is part of nature and must cooperate with it, obey its laws? Why are we estranged from life? What is wrong with us, with our way of rearing our children? Reich asked such questions all the time. He was one of those extraordinary men who are able to step outside their culture and examine it with innocent eyes. This book contains a part of Reich’s enormous work on human pathology. It contains studies, made between 1926 and 1952, of the damage we do to our children by thwarting their natural impulses, some of which are sexual.»
William Steig
(from the Preface)
In Wilhelm Reich’s early work, his knowledge of children came about as a reflection of his work with adults. But his basic interest in preventing disease led him further and further back until he was focused on the newborn, «the unspoiled protoplasm.» Reich believed that nothing required our dedication more than an understanding of the impact of the environment on the infant child.
In Children of the Future–a collection of previously published articles as well as new unpublished materials–Reich shows how disastrous the exclusion of genitality is to the young and how important its influence is on their development. For example, in his 1932 work «The Sexual Rights of Youth,» published here for the first time in Reich’s revised form, he speaks to the young of in terms of what he sees as the real meaning of «the sexual enlightenment» of youth: not the mystery and dangers of procreation , but the essential nature of sexuality and the right of youth to genital satisfaction.
Other chapters include: «The Source of the Human ‘No’,» «Problems of Healthy Children During the First Puberty (Ages Three to Six),» «Orgonomic First Aid for Children,» «Meeting the Emotional Plague,» «Armoring in a Newborn Infant,» «Falling Anxiety in a Three-Week-Old Infant,» «Concerning Childhood Masturbation,» and «A Conversation With a Sensible Mother.» All of these writings reflect Reich’s concrete observations and experiences with children, and several of these chapters are never-before-published case studies from the Orgonomic Infant Research Center (OIRC). Children of the Future also includes a Preface by cartoonist and children’s book author William Steig, a friend and supporter of Reich’s, best known today as the author of Shrek, upon which the hit films were based.
«Let the children themselves decide their own future,» Reich writes. «Our task is to make them capable of deciding for themselves, and not to destroy their natural powers to do so.»
Wilhelm Reich Discusses His Work and His Relationship with Sigmund Freud
Published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux – 1967
«The Wilhelm Reich interview, conducted by Kurt Eissler, M.D. representing the Sigmund Freud Archives, took place at Orgonon in Rangeley, Maine, on October 18 and 19, 1952…While Reich in many of his writings did refer to this relationship and to the conflict that developed later, the directness and informality of the interview technique has made it possible to elicit the information in a manner that is both simple and concise, and should have the advantage of placing the reader in a favorable position to determine for himself what was at issue.»
Mary Boyd Higgins & Chester M. Raphael, M.D.
(from the Editors’ Preface)
The core of this book is a tape-recorded interview of Wilhelm Reich conducted by a representative of the Sigmund Freud Archives, Inc. Published here for the first time–much to the displeasure of the Freud Archives–it is a profoundly human and unusually candid document that supplies a long-awaited clarification of the relationship between Freud and Reich. Reich is both critical and compassionate as he discusses the personally tragic but scientifically vital implications of his relationship with Freud.
The book also has an extensive Documentary Supplement containing pertinent extracts from Reich’s writings, as well as previously unpublished material from his archives, including letters to Freud, Adler, Ferenczi, and others involved in the early struggles within psychoanalysis. This book also includes documents revealing the unrelenting hostility of the psychoanalysts toward Reich.
An Introduction to Orgonomy
Published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux – 1960
«This anthology of selected writings from the works of Wilhelm Reich was conceived as an introduction to Orgonomy, and it is presented without editorial comment or interpretation in the simple belief that those who seek knowledge must go to its source.»
Mary Boyd Higgins,
Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust
(from the Foreword)
For readers unfamiliar with Wilhelm Reich’s literature who are looking for that first book to read, we highly recommend Selected Writings – An Introduction to Orgonomy. First published in 1960, this anthology was the first re-publishing of Wilhelm Reich’s writings in America since the banning and burning of his literature by order of a 1954 Injunction from a U.S. Federal Court.
This selection of writings from the works of Wilhelm Reich is presented as an introduction to the science of Orgonomy, and includes key chapters from Ether, God and Devil, The Function of the Orgasm, Character Analysis, The Cancer Biopathy, Cosmic Superimposition, The Oranur Experiment, and The Murder of Christ, as well as articles from the Orgone Energy Bulletin.
This anthology is not intended to replace any of Reich’s books, bulletins, and journals, but rather to serve as an introduction to them. It is hoped that these selections will enable the reader to follow the functional logic of Reich’s body of work and to experience the excitement of a scientific legacy that extended for over a third of a century, culminating in Reich’s discovery and practical applications of orgone energy.
Selected Writings also contains a brief biography of Reich, a concise chronology of Reich’s scientific development, a glossary of terms from the science of Orgonomy, a bibliography of Reich’s publications, Reich’s Response to the Federal Court’s Complaint for Injunction, and the Court’s Decree of Injunction ordering the banning and destruction of Reich’s publications.
Reich speaks to the young in terms of what he sees as the real meaning of «sexual enlightenment»: not the mysteries and dangers of procreation, but the essential nature of sexuality and the right of youth to genital gratification.
Reich, Wilhelm. Children of the Future: On the Prevention of Sexual Pathology, 1983 (the chapter entitled «The Sexual Rights of Youth» is a revision of Der Sexuelle Kampf der Jugend)
LABORATORY MANUAL FOR BION EXPERIMENTS
Laboratory Manual for Bion Experiments
Notes by a Laboratory Worker – Norway, February 1938
(Handwritten & Typed Pages in German only – 105 pages)
In his 2009 Summer Conference lecture, «Reich’s Unpublished Laboratory Notebooks and Correspondence,» Professor James Strick, Ph.D.–author and science historian–showed excerpts from this 1938 laboratory manual which he discovered during a visit to the Archives to research his new book about Reich’s bion experiments.
Professor Strick strongly urged the Trust to make this manual available in our bookstore for those seriously interested in Bion research, despite the fact that we currently have neither the time nor resources to translate this document into English and issue it as a regular book. We agreed, realizing that this primary resource has tremendous value for the serious scientific researcher.
We caution everyone that this publication will have limited interest and accessibility to the average reader. It is a bound-photocopy edition of the manual’s original pages: all of the content is in German, some of is typed and some of it is handwritten. It also has an Introduction in English by Professor Strick, which we include below:
Introduction to: A Laboratory Manual for Bion Experiments
by
James Strick, Ph.D.
Franklin and Marshall College
Strick, James E. (2015). Wilhelm Reich, Biologist, Harvard University Press.
Psychoanalyst, political theorist, pioneer of body therapies, prophet of the sexual revolution—all fitting titles, but Wilhelm Reich has never been recognized as a serious laboratory scientist, despite his experimentation with bioelectricity and unicellular organisms. Wilhelm Reich, Biologist is an eye-opening reappraisal of one of twentieth-century science’s most controversial figures—perhaps the only writer whose scientific works were burned by both the Nazis and the U.S. government. Refuting allegations of “pseudoscience” that have long dogged Reich’s research, James Strick argues that Reich’s lab experiments in the mid-1930s represented the cutting edge of light microscopy and time-lapse micro-cinematography and deserve to be taken seriously as legitimate scientific contributions.
Trained in medicine and a student of Sigmund Freud, Reich took to the laboratory to determine if Freud’s concept of libido was quantitatively measurable. His electrophysiological experiments led to his “discovery” of microscopic vesicles (he called them “bions”), which Reich hypothesized were instrumental in originating life from nonliving matter. Studying Reich’s laboratory notes from recently opened archives, Strick presents a detailed account of the Bion experiments, tracing how Reich eventually concluded he had discovered an unknown type of biological radiation he called “orgone.” The bion experiments were foundational to Reich’s theory of cancer and later investigations of orgone energy.
Reich’s experimental findings and interpretations were considered discredited, but not because of shoddy lab technique, as has often been claimed. Scientific opposition to Reich’s experiments, Strick contends, grew out of resistance to his unorthodox sexual theories and his Marxist political leanings.
BOOKS ABOUT REICH
Baker, Elsworth F. (1967). Man In The Trap. Macmillan.
Bean, Orson (1971). Me and the Orgone. St. Martin’s Press.
Boadella, David (1971). Wilhelm Reich: The Evolution Of His Work.Henry Regnery.
Boadella, David (ed.) (1976). In The Wake Of Reich. Coventure.
Cattier, Michael (1970). The Life and Work of Wilhelm Reich.Horizon Press, 1970.
Cohen, Ira H. (1982). Ideology and Unconsciousness : Reich, Freud, and Marx. New York University Press.
Corrington, Robert S. (2003). Wilhelm Reich: Psychoanalyst and Radical Naturalist. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Chesser, Eustice (1972). Reich and Sexual Freedom. Vision Press.
Chesser, Eustice (1973). Salvation Through Sex: The Life and Work of Wilhelm Reich. W. Morrow.
Dadoun, Roger (1975). Cent Fleurs pour Wilhelm Reich. Payot.
De Marchi, Luigi (1973). Wilhelm Reich, biographie d’une idée. Fayard.
Gebauer, Rainer and Müschenich, Stefan (1987). Der Reichische Orgonakkumulator. Frankfurt/Main: Nexus Verlag.
Greenfield, Jerome (1974). Wilhelm Reich Vs. the U.S.A.. W.W. Norton.
Herskowitz, Morton (1998). Emotional Armoring: An Introduction to Psychiatric Orgone Therapy. Transactions Press.
Johler, Birgit (2008). Wilhelm Reich Revisited. Turia & Kant.
Kavouras, Jorgos (2005). Heilen mit Orgonenergie: Die Medizinische Orgonomie. Turm Verlag.
Kornbichler, Thomas (2006). Flucht nach Amerika: Emigration der Psychotherapeuten: Richard Huelsenbeck, Wilhelm Reich, Erich Fromm. Kreuz.
Lassek, Heiko (1997). Orgon-Therapie: Heilen mit der reinen Lebensenergie. Scherz Verlag.
Mairowitz, D. & Gonzales, G. (1986). Reich For Beginners. Writers & Readers.
Makavejev, Dusan (1972). WR Mysteries of the Organism. Avon Publishers.
Mann, Edward (1973). Orgone. Reich And Eros: Wilhelm Reich’s Theory Of The Life Energy. Simon & Schuster.
Mann, Edward & Hoffman, Edward (ed.) (1980). The Man Who Dreamed Of Tomorrow: A Conceptual Biography Of Wilhelm Reich. J.P. Tarcher.
Martin, Jim (2000). Wilhelm Reich and the Cold War. Flatland Books.
Meyerowitz, Jacob (1994). Before the Beginning of Time. Rrp Publishers.
Mulisch, Harry (1973). Het seksuele bolwerk. De Bezige Bij.
Ollendorff, Ilse. (1969). Wilhelm Reich: A Personal Biography.St. Martin’s Press.
Raknes, Ola (1970). Wilhelm Reich And Orgonomy. St. Martin’s Press.
Reich, Peter (1973). A Book Of Dreams. Harper & Row.
Ritter, Paul (ed.) (1958). Wilhelm Reich Memorial Volume. Ritter Press.
Robinson, Paul (1990). The Freudian Left: Wilhelm Reich, Geza Roheim, Herbert Marcuse. Cornell University Press, first published 1969.
Rycroft, Charles (1971). Reich. Fontana Modern Masters.
Seelow, David (2005). Radical Modernism and Sexuality : Freud, Reich, D.H. Lawrence and Beyond. Palgrave Macmillan.
Senf, Bernd (1996). Die Wiederentdeckung des Lebendigen (The Rediscovery of the Living). Zweitausendeins Verlag.
Sharaf, Myron (1994). Fury on Earth: A Biography of Wilhelm Reich. Da Capo Press; first published by St. Martin’s Press, 1983.
Sinelnikoff, Constantin (1970). L’Oeuvre de Wilhelm Reich. François Maspero.
Strick, James E. (2015). Wilhelm Reich, Biologist, Harvard University Press.
Turner, Christopher (2011). Adventures in the Orgasmatron. HarperCollins.
Wilson, Robert Anton (1998). Wilhelm Reich in Hell. Aires Press.
Wilson, Colin (1981). The Quest for Wilhelm Reich. Doubleday.
Wright, Paki (2002). The All Souls’ Waiting Room. 1st Book Library (novel).
Wyckoff, James (1973). Wilhelm Reich: Life Force Explorer. Fawcett.
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Walter, Pierre F(2010). The Science of Orgonomy: A Study on Wilhelm Reich. Createspace.
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REICH’S MEMOIRS OPENED 50 YEARS AFTER HIS DEATH
(Nov ‘2007)
Wilhelm Reich after 50 years
«Sexual Energy gets a second look»
Rangeley, Maine, Nov. 6, 2007 (Associated Press)
This undated family photo from the mid 1950s shows the late physician-scientist Wilhelm Reich at his laboratory in Rangeley, Maine. The European-born inventor of the orgone energy accumulator died 50 years ago and will be honored at the opening of a major exhibition Nov. 15, 2007 at the Jewish Museum in Vienna. This is where Reich attended medical school and began his psychiatric practice and studied under Sigmund Freud.
Physician-scientist Wilhelm Reich — best known for his claims of a cosmic life force associated with sexual orgasm — died in Federal prison. The U.S. government burned many of his books and other publications and destroyed his equipment.
But half-a-century later, a small number of scientists and other believers are working to advance the European-born psychiatrist’s work on what he called «orgoneenergy» — a theory largely forgotten in the scientific mainstream.
«Personally, I think it’s going to be a long time before all of his work is understood and recognized,» said Reich’s granddaughter Renata Reich Moise, a nurse-midwife and artist in the coastal town of Hancock in the northeast state of Maine.
Reich died on Nov. 3, 1957 in a federal prison in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania where he was sent for ignoring an injunction obtained by the Food and Drug Administration that outlawed a device he called an «orgone energy accumulator». Reich believed it could charge the body with essential life energy, heightening vitality and potentially helping to heal disease.
Critics point to some of these more unconventional ideas in deriding him as a quack. But supporters say that he was a brilliant man whose ideas warrant further exploration.
The 50thanniversary of his death is being marked by a major exhibition on Reich and his work that opens Nov. 15 at the Jewish Museum in Vienna — the city where he attended medical school, began his psychiatric practice, and studied under Sigmund Freud.
Also this month, archives of Reich’s unpublished papers (which have been stored at Harvard Medical School) will become available to researchers for the first time. Reich had stipulated that his papers only be opened 50 years after his death.
He also specified that his laboratory at the site he dubbed ‘Orgonon’ — which overlooks Rangeley Lake — be converted to a museum. It opened in 1960.
In Rangeley where Reich spent his latter years, scientists and doctors from the U.S. and Europe gathered this summer for a conference that explored the prospects of seeking FDA approval for clinical trials of orgone accumulator blankets to treat burn victims.
Reich is described by the American Psychoanalytic Association as «one of the most brilliant, creative, and controversial of the pioneering analysts.» He was the first to focus on character analysis rather than neurotic symptoms. He linked a healthy sex life — which he called «orgastic potency» — to emotional wellness, believing that failure to discharge sexual energy resulted in neurotic disorders.
His more controversial work came after he veered away from psychotherapy into laboratory experiments in Norway that led to the discovery of what he called «bions» — basic life forms that gave off orgone energy.
After moving to the U.S. just before the start of World War II, he focused on isolating and collecting that energy and went on to test its effect on cancer. His orgone accumulators eventually caught the attention of the FDA.
After an investigation, the agency branded the devices consisting of alternating metallic and nonmetallic materials a fraud. In 1954, it sought an injunction in U.S. District Court in Portland. Reich refused to appear in court, triggering a default judgment and order that his books and accumulators be destroyed.
He was sentenced to 2 years in prison for contempt of court. He served only 8 months before he died of a heart attack.
The FDA’s injunction, supporters say, had a chilling effect on his work that persists even today. Moise said she believes there is merit in the orgone accumulator blanket, which her mother used in her medical practice. Moise has tried it herself to heal burns.
«It’s not crazy. It actuallyworks,» she said.
Even as the anniversary-related events rekindle memories of Reich and his theories, some of his supporters worry that they are in a race against time.
The challenge, they say, is to keep his work alive and advance it through new studies and experimentation at a time when Reich is not being taught in either medical schools or physics classes.
Kevin Hinchey — who is writing a book about Reich’s work in the U.S. — said that most of the doctors and scientists who’ve taken an interest in Reich’s life are baby-boomers.
«If something dramatic isn’t done to bring his work before the medical and scientific community, I really wonder what’s going to happen when the baby-boomers die. There’s not a lot of younger people who are reading Reich.»
FRANCIS A. COUNTWAY LIBRARY OF MEDICINE AT HARVARD UNIVERSITY
The House of the Reich Archives
There was renewed interest in November 2007, when the Reich archives at the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine at Harvard University were unsealed; Reich had left instructions that his unpublished papers be stored for 50 years after his death.
Orgone Institute (Rangeley, Me.).
- Title:
Archives, 1897, 1919-1956.
- Author / Creator: Orgone Institute (Rangeley, Me.).
- Description: 98 cubic ft. in 284 boxes and oversize items.
- History note: The Orgone Institute was founded in 1942 by Wilhelm Reich (1897-1957), psychiatrist and psychoanalyst (Vienna, M.D. 1922), who emigrated to the U.S. in 1939. First living in New York and later in Maine, he developed a therapy outside accepted psychoanalytic techniques. Reich posited the orgone as a biological base of psychic energy which in neurosis becomes dammed up somatically as well as mentally and can be released only through a combined physical and psychological therapy. His approach is related to Freudian theories of sexuality and repression of instinct and is grounded in his early work in Austria (1920-1939) on neurotic defense and character formation as evidenced in cases of failure in traditional psychoanalytic therapy. His work in Germany also involved psychoanalytic interpretation of the sociological phenomena of national character and political process.
- Summary: Contains correspondence, diaries, trial transcripts, reports, and clippings relating to opposition to Reich’s theories and the work of the Orgone Institute; correspondence; published and unpublished manuscripts and translations; photographs and photographic slides; and records of the Orgone Institute Press. Also includes Reich’s personal papers, including diaries, correspondence, and financial records, and biographical interviews and writings created after Reich’s death. Also includes the papers of Wilhelm Reich pertaining to his discovery of the orgone.
- Language: English; German
- Subject: Reich, Wilhelm, — 1897-1957.;
Orgone Institute (Rangeley, Me.);
;
Psychotherapy.;
Psychiatry — Research. - Author / Creator: Reich, Wilhelm, 1897-1957.
- HOLLIS Number: 000603496
- Creation Date: 1897
- Permalink: http://id.lib.harvard.edu/aleph/000603496/catalog
- Source: HVD ALEPH
Countway Medicine Rare Books H MS c287
LOVE, WORK AND KNOWLEDGE – THE LIFE AND TRIALS OF WILHELM REICH
← THIS FILM WILL BE COMPLETED!
The Film Is Finished: NYC Premiere
Posted on November 24, 2017by Kevin Hinchey
I’m pleased to announce the completion of the Wilhelm Reich Documentary Film Project.
This recently finished film is 107 minutes long and is entitled:
Love, Work and Knowledge – The Life and Trials of Wilhelm Reich
The title is derived from Reich’s guiding precept which appeared in print in his American
research journals and books, starting in 1942:
“Love, work and knowledge are the wellsprings of our life. They should also govern it.”
Two months from today—on the evening of January 13, 2018—a premiere screening of this film will take place at a 266-seat theater in New York City which we’ve rented for the occasion. In the next week or so, I’ll contact all crowdfunder backers who are eligible for the “perk” of two tickets to this event to find out who among them will be attending. Once I have a count of how many of these backers are coming and how many seats are still available, I’ll contact additional crowdfunding backers to see who else might want to attend.
We’re also exploring other screening possibilities early next year at universities and “art house” movie theaters in Connecticut, New York and Massachusetts, as well as broadcast opportunities in the United States and Europe. And we’ve already compiled a list of prestigious film festivals in which the film will be submitted.
Thank you again for supporting this project over the past three years and making possible its production, post-production and completion. We’re excited by the film’s many future opportunities to present a compelling, factually accurate narrative of Reich’s life and work to newer and more mainstream audiences.
Please feel free to contact me at: kevin.hinchey@wilhelmreichdocumentary.com.
Warm regards,
Kevin Hinchey – Writer/Director
FURTHER READING
External links
«Biography of Wilhelm Reich» and «Last Will & Testament of Wilhelm Reich», Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust.
«Mikrofilm-Bestand der Staatsbibliotheken in Berlin, München und Bremen aus dem Nachlaß Wilhelm Reichs», Wilhelm Reich archive on microfilm, from Dr. Eva Reich.
«Man’s Right to Know», documentary on Reich, Wilhelm Reich Infant Trust.
Recording of Reich speaking, Orgonon, 3 April 1952.
Dabelstein, Nicolas, and Svoboda, Antonin (2009). Wer Hat Angst vor Wilhelm Reich? («Who’s Afraid of Wilhelm Reich?»), documentary, Coop99, Austrian television (IMDb entry).
Federal Bureau of Investigation. «Dr. Wilhelm Reich» (also see here).
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The Institute for Orgonomic Science.